python appium 安卓通讯录增删改查 python写通讯录

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lazihuman 2024-05-13 15:28:44

文章标签 数据库 python mysql 格式化输出 文章分类 Python 后端开发

python写一个通讯录step by step V2.0

引用知识

list + dict用于临时存储用户数据信息
cPickle用于格式化文件存取
依旧使用file来进行文件的存储

解决问题

1、操刀开始去做

原始代码实现功能（可做模板）
1、判断输入内容是否在给出的menu目录内，在的话，返回对应结果，不在就报错
2、调用os模块的exit功能
3、字典配合循环加上函数实现switch的功能

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-22
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date



# 导入模块
import os


def menu():
    '''设置munu目录，提供给用户的操作接口 '''
    print '''
        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program
    '''
    op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
    return op

def txl_exit():
    ''' 退出程序 '''
    os._exit(0)


def txl_error():
    ''' 当用户输出选项不在定义的选项内的时候，报错'''
    print
    print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'

# 定义dict，配合函数实现switch功能

ops = {
#    '1':txl_add,
#    '2':txl_dis,
#    '3':txl_update,
#    '4':txl_del,
#    '5':txl_sort,
    '0':txl_exit,
}

def main():
    '''主程序 '''
    while True:
        op = menu()
        ops.get(op,txl_error)()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

2、添加用户

思路
默认定义一个空list,然后嵌套dict来实现临时存储功能

1、添加的代码# 导入模块

• import os

txl = []

....

def txl_add():
    '''添加用户'''
    name = raw_input('Please Enter Your Name >>> ')
    age = raw_input('Please Enter Your Age >>> ')
    gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your Gender >>> ')
    tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Tel >>> ')
    txl.append({'name':name,'age':age,'gender':gender,'tel':tel})

def txl_disp():
    '''显示原始的txl列表 '''
    print txl

.....

ops = {
    '1':txl_add,
    '2':txl_disp,
#    '3':txl_update,
#    '4':txl_del,
#    '5':txl_sort,
    '0':txl_exit,
}

2、测试结果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py

1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by 
0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
[]

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> zhuima
Please Enter Your Age >>> 28
Please Enter Your Gender >>> f
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
[{'gender': 'f', 'age': '28', 'tel': '10086', 'name': 'zhuima'}]

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 0

3、完整代码块

3、格式化输出

格式化输出，使用字典
格式化输出：print "%(name)s\t%(age)s" % dict

1、添加代码片段

• def txl_disp():
    '''显示原始的txl列表 '''
    print "name\tage\tgender\ttel"
    print "-----------------------"
    for x in txl:
        print "%(name)s\t%(age)s\t%(gender)s\t%(tel)s" % x

2、测试结果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py

1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by 
0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> zhuima
Please Enter Your Age >>> 28
Please Enter Your Gender >>> f
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> nick
Please Enter Your Age >>> 25
Please Enter Your Gender >>> m
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> kale
Please Enter Your Age >>> 33
Please Enter Your Gender >>> f
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10011

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  28  f   10086
nick    25  m   10010
kale    33  f   10011

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 0

3、完整代码

4、文件写入与读取

思路：
引入cPickle概念，cPickle对文件进行读取与存入的格式化操作，
cPickle的loads功能(从文件中读取文件，保证原有格式)和dumps（把相关格式的对象文件存放到文件中）功能

1、添加代码块

• # 导入模块
import os
import cPickle


# 定义数据库文件名
fname = 'contact.db'

txl = []

...

def txl_add():
    '''添加用户'''
    ....
    #调用txl_save()模块
    txl_save()


def txl_disp():
    '''显示原始的txl列表 
       做了二次调整，如果txl为空，则打印木有文件存在，如果txl不为空
       则打印出数据信息'''
    if len(txl) > 0:
        print "name\tage\tgender\ttel"
        print '----------------------------'
        for x in txl:
            print "%(name)s\t%(age)s\t%(gender)s\t%(tel)s" % x
    else:
        print
        print ">>> This is a empty file,There is no infomation! >>>"


def txl_save():
    '''使用cPickle进行列表到字符串的转换 然后写入文件 '''
    s = cPickle.dumps(txl)
    fp = file(fname,'w')
    fp.write(s)
    fp.close()

def txl_load():
    '''从文件读取信息，然后使用cPickle进行字符串到列表的转换'''
    if os.path.exists(fname):
        fp = file(fname)
        s = fp.read()
        fp.close()
        txl.extend(cPickle.loads(s))

2、写入测试结果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# ls
test.py  v2_1.py  v2.py
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py 

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2

>>> This is a empty file,There is no infomation! >>>

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> zhuima
Please Enter Your Age >>> 25
Please Enter Your Gender >>> f
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 1
Please Enter Your Name >>> nick
Please Enter Your Age >>> 22
Please Enter Your Gender >>> m
Please Enter Your Tel >>> 10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086
nick    22  m   10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 0
[root@mysql01 day0330]# ls
contact.db  test.py  v2_1.py  v2.py
3、读取测试结果
• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py 

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086
nick    22  m   10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 0
[root@mysql01 day0330]#

4、完整代码

5、删除用户

思路：
根据用户名来进行数据的删除
先来看一个演示

案例演示如何删除嵌套列表字典In [6]: s

• Out[6]: [{'age': 25, 'name': 'zhuima'}, {'age': 33, 'name': 'nick'}]

#第一个思路就是要使用del来进行字典的删除，但是针对嵌套不生效
In [7]: for x in s:
    if x['name'] == 'zhuima':
        del x
   ...:         print s
   ...:         
[{'age': 25, 'name': 'zhuima'}, {'age': 33, 'name': 'nick'}]


# 后来使用列表的remove来进行删除，成功
In [10]: for x in s:
    if x['name'] == 'zhuima':
        s.remove(x)
   ....:         

In [11]: s
Out[11]: [{'age': 33, 'name': 'nick'}]

1、代码片段

• def txl_del():
    '''根据用户名进行删除用户相应的信息，并进行数据存储，如果用户不输人该如何'''
    name = raw_input('Please Enter Your Want To Delete name >>> ')
    for line in txl:
        if line['name'] == name:
            txl.remove(line)
            break
    #最后记得调用存入的函数，要不然删除仅针对当前会话，没有写入文件
    txl_save()

2、测试效果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py 

1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by 
0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086
nick    22  m   10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 4
Please Enter Your Want To Delete name >>> nick

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 0
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py 

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>>

3、完整代码

6、根据用户输入自定义排序

思路：
根据用户的选择进行排序操作
引入功能，就是lambda txl.sort(key=lambda x : x[op])

1、代码片段

• def txl_sort():
    '''根据用户的输入对数据进行排序，用到了lambda函数，有bug的，应该提供一个默认值出来进行排序'''
    op = raw_input('Order By [name | age | gender | tel ] Display >>> ')
    txl.sort(key=lambda x : x[op])
    txl_disp()

2、测试结果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py

1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by 
0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
zhuima  25  f   10086
nick    22  m   10011
kale    29  f   10093
tony    18  m   10010

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 5
Order By [name | age | gender | tel ] Display >>> name
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
kale    29  f   10093
nick    22  m   10011
tony    18  m   10010
zhuima  25  f   10086

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 5
Order By [name | age | gender | tel ] Display >>> age
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
tony    18  m   10010
nick    22  m   10011
zhuima  25  f   10086
kale    29  f   10093

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>>

3、完整代码

7、更新数据

思路：
方法一：使用字典重新赋值即可实现更新(本案例演示采用的第一种方式)
方法二：根据索引找到对应的用户所在的dict,然后对整个dict进行更新

根据索引找到对应的dict进行更新的案例演示

• In [38]: s
Out[38]: [{'age': 44, 'name': 'zhuima'}, {'age': 33, 'name': 'nick'}]

In [39]: for x in s:
   ....:     if x['name'] == 'zhuima':
   ....:         s[s.index(x)] = {'name':'zhuima521','age':28}
   ....:         

In [40]: s
Out[40]: [{'age': 28, 'name': 'zhuima521'}, {'age': 33, 'name': 'nick'}]

In [41]:

1、代码片段

def txl_update(status=True): '''根据用户名对该用户的相关数据进行更新操作,用户名不可变，如果选项不更新，则保留默认值，否则更新'''

•   txl_disp()
    name = raw_input('Select One Update By Name >>> ')
    for line in txl:
        if line['name'] == name:
            status = False
            old_age = line['age']
            old_gender = line['gender']
            old_tel = line['tel']
            age = raw_input('Please Enter Your Age for %s >>> ' % name)
            gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
            tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Tel for %s >>> ' % name)
            if len(age) == 0:
                line['age'] = old_age
            else:
                line['age'] = age
            if len(gender) == 0:
                line['gender'] = old_gender
            else:
                line['gender'] = gender
            if len(tel) == 0:
                line['tel'] = old_tel
            else:
                line['tel'] = tel
            break
    if status:
        print "Unkonw User,Try Again!"
    txl_save()

2、测试结果

• [root@mysql01 day0330]# python v2_1.py

    1.add user info
    2.disp all user info
    3.update user info by username
    4:del user by username
    5:sort user info by 
    0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
fuck    30  m   90000
kale    33  f   10093
tony    18  m   10010
zhuima  25  f   10086
max 32  f   20000

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 3
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
fuck    30  m   90000
kale    33  f   10093
tony    18  m   10010
zhuima  25  f   10086
max 32  f   20000
Select One Update By Name >>> kale
Please Enter Your Age for kale >>> 
Please Enter Your Gender for kale >>> 
Please Enter Your Tel for kale >>> 99999

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 2
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
fuck    30  m   90000
kale    33  f   99999
tony    18  m   10010
zhuima  25  f   10086
max 32  f   20000

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>> 3
name    age gender  tel
----------------------------
fuck    30  m   90000
kale    33  f   99999
tony    18  m   10010
zhuima  25  f   10086
max 32  f   20000
Select One Update By Name >>> min
Unkonw User,Try Again!

        1.add user info
        2.disp all user info
        3.update user info by username
        4:del user by username
        5:sort user info by 
        0.exit program

Please select one >>>

3、完整代码

总结

至此，我们使用dict完成了数据库的增、删、改、查、排序等操作

完整代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
    #coding:utf8
    #Author:zhuima
    #Date:2015-03-22
    #Version:0.1
    #Function:display a list and add date



    # 导入模块
    import os
    import cPickle


    fname = 'contact.db'

    txl = []


    def menu():
        '''设置munu目录，提供给用户的操作接口 '''
        print '''
            1.add user info
            2.disp all user info
            3.update user info by username
            4:del user by username
            5:sort user info by 
            0.exit program
        '''
        op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
        return op

    def txl_add():
        '''添加用户'''
        name = raw_input('Please Enter Your Name >>> ')
        age = raw_input('Please Enter Your Age >>> ')
        gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your Gender >>> ')
        tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Tel >>> ')
        txl.append({'name':name,'age':age,'gender':gender,'tel':tel})
        txl_save()


    def txl_disp():
        '''显示原始的txl列表 '''
        if len(txl) > 0:
            print "name\tage\tgender\ttel"
            print '----------------------------'
            for x in txl:
                print "%(name)s\t%(age)s\t%(gender)s\t%(tel)s" % x
        else:
            print
            print ">>> This is a empty file,There is no infomation! >>>"

    def txl_save():
        '''对数据进行写操作，写之前进行格式转换'''
        s = cPickle.dumps(txl)
        fp = file(fname,'w')
        fp.write(s)
        fp.close()

    def txl_load():
        '''对文件进行读取，如果文件存在的情况下 '''
        if os.path.exists(fname):
            fp = file(fname)
            s = fp.read()
            fp.close()
            txl.extend(cPickle.loads(s))


    def txl_update(status=True):
        '''根据用户名对该用户的相关数据进行更新操作,用户名不可变，如果选项不更新，则保留默认值，否则更新'''
        txl_disp()
        name = raw_input('Select One Update By Name >>> ')
        for line in txl:
            if line['name'] == name:
                status = False
                old_age = line['age']
                old_gender = line['gender']
                old_tel = line['tel']
                age = raw_input('Please Enter Your Age for %s >>> ' % name)
                gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
                tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Tel for %s >>> ' % name)
                if len(age) == 0:
                    line['age'] = old_age
                else:
                    line['age'] = age
                if len(gender) == 0:
                    line['gender'] = old_gender
                else:
                    line['gender'] = gender
                if len(tel) == 0:
                    line['tel'] = old_tel
                else:
                    line['tel'] = tel
                break
        if status:
            print "Unkonw User,Try Again!"
        txl_save()


    def txl_del():
        '''根据用户名进行删除用户相应的信息，并进行数据存储'''
        name = raw_input('Please Enter Your Want To Delete name >>> ')
        for line in txl:
            if line['name'] == name:
                txl.remove(line)
                break
        txl_save()

    def txl_sort():
        '''根据用户的输入对数据进行排序，用到了lambda函数 '''
        op = raw_input('Order By [name | age | gender | tel ] Display >>> ')
        txl.sort(key=lambda x : x[op])
        txl_disp()



    def txl_exit():
        ''' 退出程序 '''
        os._exit(0)


    def txl_error():
        ''' 当用户输出选项不在定义的选项内的时候，报错'''
        print
        print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'

    # 定义dict，配合函数实现switch功能

    ops = {
        '1':txl_add,
        '2':txl_disp,
        '3':txl_update,
        '4':txl_del,
        '5':txl_sort,
        '0':txl_exit,
    }

    txl_load()
    def main():
        '''主程序 '''
        while True:
            op = menu()
            ops.get(op,txl_error)()

    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()

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