连接池的作用:
初始化一些个连接,每次需要时从空闲池中获取,用完再归还池中,
不用频繁的创建连接,减少系统资源,连接池大小事宜,减少内存开销。

连接池大致内容:

1.有两个池:一个活动池(正在使用的连接),一个空闲池(空闲的连接),空闲池初始化池确定初始大小(initPoolSize)。活动池确定最大活跃连接数(maxPoolSize)。
2.空闲池封装了LinkedList集合(适合增删)类型的连接,当客户需要连接时判断空闲池中是否有连接,有连接则拿到dataSource.getConnection(); 空闲池从头开始拿(LinkedList.removeFirst(),并把他放到活动池的尾部linkedList.add();
3.如果客户端获取连接时,空闲池没有连接了,判断活动池是否到达最大连接:3.1.没有到,先创建连接,放活动池内使用。
3.2.已经到了最大连接数,进行等待,当等待超时:思路1:直接报错;思路2:将活动池里最久的销毁掉(也就是最开始的一个:尾部添加的原因).
4.连接使用完毕策略:归还到空闲池。

使用第三方连接池:

环境:

1.jar包

lua 数据库链接池 数据库连接池如何使用_lua 数据库链接池

2.将配置文件标记成类路径

lua 数据库链接池 数据库连接池如何使用_sql_02


其中c3p0的配置文件时properties;德鲁伊的配置文件时xml

一.C3P0连接池
配置文件:c3p0-config.xml

<c3p0-config>
   <default-config>
      <property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
      <property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day20</property>
      <property name="user">root</property>
      <property name="password">root</property>
      <property name="initialPoolSize">5</property>
      <property name="maxPoolSize">10</property>
      <property name="checkoutTimeout">3000</property>
   </default-config>
</c3p0-config>

c3p0_demo.java

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import pojo.user;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author:ZZZ
 * @Date: 2020/11/21 17:14
 * @Version 1.0
 */
 
public class c3p0_demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
    //创建连接池
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource =new ComboPooledDataSource();
        //会自动去类路径下查找配置文件,如果硬编码写死了,代码变少了但是没有那么灵活
        //获得连接
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        String sql="select * from user ";
        PreparedStatement pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        ResultSet resultSet = pstm.executeQuery();

        //集合得javabean
        List<user> list =new ArrayList<>();
        user user =null;
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            user=new user();//在循环里新建user对象,不然操作得都是一个对象
          user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
            user.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
            user.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
            user.setNickname(resultSet.getString("nickname"));
            list.add(user);
        }
        System.out.println(list);
        resultSet.close();
	pstm.close();
	connection.close();
    }
    
}

代码增删改类似

@Test
public void insert()throws Exception
{
    ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource=new ComboPooledDataSource();
    Connection connection = comboPooledDataSource.getConnection();
    String sql="insert into user (username,password,nickname) values(?,?,?)";
    PreparedStatement pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
    pstm.setString(1,"axxx");
    pstm.setString(2,"123456");
    pstm.setString(3,"axxxxxa");
    pstm.executeUpdate();
    //最后记得关闭资源,关闭策略:后创建的先关闭,连接池一般不关
    pstm.close();
    connection.close();
}

二.德鲁伊连接池:
配置文件:druid.properties

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day20
username=root
password=root
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
initialSize=8
maxActive=10
maxWait=2000

druid_demo.java

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidPooledConnection;
import org.junit.Test;
import pojo.user;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * @Author:ZZZ
 * @Date: 2020/11/21 17:45
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class druid_demo {
    @Test
    public void select() throws Exception{

        // DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
        //druid可以灵活得加载配置文件加载配置文件
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        //当前类名获得类得加载器再获得配置文件得路径
        InputStream is = druid_demo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
        properties.load(is);

        // 另一个加载路径得方式创建连接池
        DruidDataSource dataSource = (DruidDataSource) DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
        // 3.获得连接
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();

        // 4.书写sql语句,预编译sql语句,得到预编译对象
        String sql = "select * from user where id = ?";
        PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

        // 5.设置参数
        ps.setInt(1, 3);

        // 6.执行sql语句
        ResultSet resultSet = ps.executeQuery();

        // 封装,处理数据
        user user = null;
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            user = new user();
            user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
            user.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
            user.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));
            user.setNickname(resultSet.getString("nickname"));
        }
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void insert() throws Exception
    {
        Properties properties=new Properties();
        InputStream resourceAsStream =druid_demo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
        properties.load(resourceAsStream);
        DruidDataSource dataSource = (DruidDataSource) DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
        DruidPooledConnection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        String sql="insert into user (username,password,nickname) values(?,?,?)";
        PreparedStatement pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstm.setString(1,"张无忌");
        pstm.setString(2,"123");
        pstm.setString(3,"zwj");
        pstm.executeUpdate();
	pstm.close();
	connection.close();
    }

   @Test
public void delete() throws Exception
{
    Properties properties=new Properties();
    InputStream resourceAsStream = druid_demo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
    properties.load(resourceAsStream);
    DruidDataSource dataSource = (DruidDataSource) DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
    DruidPooledConnection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
    String sql="delete from user where id=?";
    PreparedStatement pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
    pstm.setString(1,"4");
    pstm.executeUpdate();
    pstm.close();
    connection.close();
    
}

    @Test
    public void update()
    {
    }
}