Linux命令的英文含义（便捷记忆）

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邵奈一shaonaiyi888 2022-02-23 18:08:00 博主文章分类：运维相关 ©著作权

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命令缩写：

ls:list 列出目录内容
cd:change directory 改变目录
su:switch user 切换用户
cat:concatenate
du:disk usage
mv:move file
cp:copy file
ln:link files
chown:change owner
chgrp:change group
chmod:change mode
tar:tape archive
rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps:process status 进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器，常用参数：-auxf 
df:disk free 显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。
rmdir:remove directory 删除目录
rm:remove 删除目录或文件
cat:concatenate连锁cat file1 file2 >> file3 把文件1和文件2里面内容输出到file3中
insmod:install module 载入模块
ln -s:link -soft 创建软链接，相当于创建快捷方式
mkdir:make directory 创建目录
touch:创建一个空文件
man:manual
mkfs:make file system
fsck:file system check
uname:unix name
df:disk free
lsmod:list modules
fg:foreground
bg:background
umount:unmount
dd:本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
ldd:list dynamic dependencies
insmod:install module
rmmod:remove module
lsmod:list module
文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM：Red hat package manager
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

部分计算机相关名词便捷记忆及说明：

bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件
/dev = DEVices  #下面的是一些硬件驱动
/etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources 
/var = VARiable ?
/boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
cal = CALendar
cat = CATenate
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = CHange GRouP
chmod = CHange MODe
chown = CHange OWNer
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cp = CoPy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
df = Disk Free
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln = LiNk
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = MoVe
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T (T形水管接口)
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
su = Switch User
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association