rpm -i:在该rpm包与该包的旧版本未被安装过的情况下,安装该rpm包。
rpm -U:无论系统是否有安装过某rpm包或其旧版本,安装或更新指定的rpm包。
rpm -F:仅在系统已安装某rpm包的旧版本rpm包时,更新rpm包。否则不安装。
卸除:rpm –e 包名(注:不能以.rpm或I386.rmp结尾)
可能会用到的补充参数
输出用:-v,-h
预设条件:--nodeps,--force
重定位:--root参数,允许将一个RPM包安装到mount在当前系统上的另一个Linux系统,或者另一个特定的目录上。
-h (or --hash) 安装时输出hash记号 (``#'')
--test 只对安装进行测试,并不实际安装。
--percent 以百分比的形式输出安装的进度。
--excludedocs 不安装软件包中的文档文件
--includedocs 安装文档
--replacepkgs 强制重新安装已经安装的软件包
--replacefiles 替换属于其它软件包的文件
--force 忽略软件包及文件的冲突
--noscripts 不运行预安装和后安装脚本
--prefix <path> 将软件包安装到由 <path> 指定的路径下
--ignorearch 不校验软件包的结构
--ignoreos 不检查软件包运行的操作系统
--nodeps 不检查依赖性关系
--ftpproxy <host> 用 <host> 作为 FTP代理
--ftpport <port> 指定FTP的端口号为 <port>
--oldpackage给已经安装了最高版本的RPM降级
rpm -q:查询某一个RPM包是否已安装
rpm -qi:查询某一个RPM包的详细信息
rpm -ql:列出某RPM包中所包含的文件
rpm -qf:查询某文件属于哪一个RPM包
rpm -qa:列出当前系统所有已安装的包
rpm -V:校验某个RPM包
rpm -Va:校验所有已安装的RPM包
RPM包的检查
rpm -K:检查RPM包的GPG签名
可以同时配置多个资源库(Repository)
简洁的配置文件(/etc/yum.conf)
自动解决增加或删除rpm包时遇到的依赖性问题
使用方便
保持与RPM数据库的一致性
rm -f Server/repodata/TRANS.TBL
rm -f VT/repodata/TRANS.TBL
yum install package 安装指定的安装包package1
Loading "security" plugin
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
rhel-debuginfo 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00
Reading repository metadata in from local files
primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 9.5 kB 00:00
################################################## 31/31
Parsing package install arguments
Examining telnet-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: telnet - 1:0.17-38.el5.i386
telnet-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: does not update installed package.
Examining telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: telnet-server - 1:0.17-38.el5.i386
Marking telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Package telnet-server.i386 1:0.17-38.el5 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
--> Processing Dependency: xinetd for package: telnet-server
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Missing Dependency: xinetd is needed by package telnet-server
[root@rhel5 Server]# yum install xinetd
Loading "security" plugin
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Parsing package install arguments
No Match for argument: xinetd
Nothing to do
[root@rhel5 Server]# ls |grep xinetd
xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5.i386.rpm
[root@rhel5 Server]# rpm -ivh xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:xinetd ########################################### [100%]
[root@rhel5 Server]# yum install telnet*
Loading "security" plugin
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Parsing package install arguments
Examining telnet-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: telnet - 1:0.17-38.el5.i386
telnet-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: does not update installed package.
Examining telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm: telnet-server - 1:0.17-38.el5.i386
Marking telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Package telnet-server.i386 1:0.17-38.el5 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
telnet-server i386 1:0.17-38.el5 telnet-server-0.17-38.el5.i386.rpm 49 k
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: telnet-server ######################### [1/1]
Complete!
[root@rhel5 Server]#
yum localinstall package 本地安装软件包
[root@rhel5 ~]# yum localinstall /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp*
Loading "security" plugin Loading "rhnplugin" plugin Loading "installonlyn" plugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up Local Package Process Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm: dhcp - 12:3.0.5-7.el5.i386 Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm: dhcp-devel - 12:3.0.5-7.el5.i386 Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm: dhcpv6 - 0.10-33.el5.i386 Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6_client-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm: dhcpv6_client - 0.10-33.el5.i386 Marking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm to be installed Setting up repositories rhel-debuginfo 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files Marking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm to be installed Marking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm to be installed /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6_client-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm: does not update installed package. Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. --> Package dhcpv6.i386 0:0.10-33.el5 set to be updated --> Package dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 set to be updated --> Package dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 set to be updated --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: dhcp i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm 2.1 M dhcp-devel i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-7.el5.i386.rpm 1.4 M dhcpv6 i386 0.10-33.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm 759 k Transaction Summary
============================================================================= Install 3 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 4.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: dhcp ######################### [1/3] Installing: dhcpv6 ######################### [2/3] Installing: dhcp-devel ######################### [3/3] Installed: dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 dhcpv6.i386 0:0.10-33.el5
Complete! You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@rhel5 ~]# |
yum update 全部更新
yum info <package> 显示安装包信息
[root@rhel5 ~]# yum info dhcp
Loading "security" plugin Loading "rhnplugin" plugin Loading "installonlyn" plugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up repositories Reading repository metadata in from local files Installed Packages Name : dhcp Arch : i386 Epoch : 12 Version: 3.0.5 Release: 7.el5 Size : 2.1 M Repo : installed Summary: DHCP (动态主机配置协议) 服务器和转发代理。 Description:
DHCP(动态主机配置协议)是一个允许 IP 网络上的 个体设备从 DHCP 服务器中获取它们自己的网络配置 信息(IP 地址、子网掩码、广播地址等等)的协议。 DHCP 的宗旨是简化对大型网络的管理任务。 dhcp 软件包包括了 ISC DHCP 服务和转发代理。 要在您的网络中使用 DHCP,您应该安装 DHCP 服务
(或转发代理),并在客户机上运行 DHCP 客户守护进 程。dhcp 软件包提供了 ISC DHCP 服务和转发代理。 [root@rhel5 ~]#
|
[root@rhel5 ~]# yum search dhc
Loading "security" plugin Loading "rhnplugin" plugin Loading "installonlyn" plugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up repositories Reading repository metadata in from local files dhclient.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 installed
Matched from: dhclient 提供 dhclient ISC DHCP 客户端守护进程和 dhclient 脚本。 DHCP(动态主机配置协议)是一个允许 IP 网络上的
个体设备从 DHCP 服务器中获取它们自己的网络配置 信息(IP 地址、子网掩码、广播地址等等)的协议。 DHCP 的宗旨是简化对大型网络的管理任务。 要在您的网络中使用 DHCP,您应该安装 DHCP 服务
(或转发代理),并在客户机上运行 DHCP 客户守护进 程。dhclient 软件包提供了 ISC DHCP 客户守护进程。 dhcpv6_client.i386 0.10-33.el5 installed
Matched from: dhcpv6_client DHCPv6 客户 为客户提供DHCPV6协议书(RFC 3315)来支持
IPv6地址和参数的动态分配。 详见/usr/share/dhcpv6_client*中的 dhcp6c(8), dhcp6c.conf(5)及文本手册 NetworkManager.i386 1:0.6.4-6.el5 installed
Matched from: NetworkManager 试图保持一个随时可用的活动的网络联接。 但这是为台式机设计的, 而不是为服务器设计的。 NetworkManager 的目的在于使网络配置 和设置尽可能简单、方便。 如果使用 DHCP, 意味着 NetworkManager 将改变默认路径, 从 DHCP 获得一个 IP 地址,随时更换配合的 nameserver。 dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 installed
Matched from: dhcp DHCP (动态主机配置协议) 服务器和转发代理。 DHCP(动态主机配置协议)是一个允许 IP 网络上的
个体设备从 DHCP 服务器中获取它们自己的网络配置 信息(IP 地址、子网掩码、广播地址等等)的协议。 DHCP 的宗旨是简化对大型网络的管理任务。 dhcp 软件包包括了 ISC DHCP 服务和转发代理。 要在您的网络中使用 DHCP,您应该安装 DHCP 服务
(或转发代理),并在客户机上运行 DHCP 客户守护进 程。dhcp 软件包提供了 ISC DHCP 服务和转发代理。 dhcpv6.i386 0.10-33.el5 installed
Matched from: dhcpv6 DHCPv6 - 使用 IPv6 的 DHCP 服务器和客户。 根据RFC 3315执行Internet Protocol第六版(IPv6)
的动态主机配置协议(DHCP): IPv6的DHCP(DHCPv6) 由dhcp6s(8)—服务器DHCP后台程序和 dhcp6r(8)—DHCPv6中间代理程序组成。 如果你希望你的IPv6网络支持IPv6地址和 参数的动态配置, 请安装此程序。详见 /usr/share/doc/dhcpv6* 下的 dhcp6s(8), dhcp6r(8),dhcp6s.conf(5)手册和文件。 dhcdbd.i386 2.2-1.el5 installed
Matched from: dhcdbd DHCP D-BUS deamon (dhcdbd) 使用 D-BUS 控制 dhclient 客户端程序,保存并显示 DHCP 选项。 dhcdbd provides a D-BUS interface to the ISC dhclient software. The
daemon provides access to DHCP configuration operations and stores those options persistently. Other D-BUS applications can receive notifications of changes in the client's DHCP configuration. dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 installed
Matched from: dhcp-devel 用来与 DHCP 服务器接口的开发库和头文件。 用来与 ISC DHCP 服务器接口的库。
[url]http://isc.org/products/DHCP/[/url]
[root@rhel5 ~]# |
yum remove | erase package1 删除程序包
[root@rhel5 ~]# yum remove dhcp
Loading "security" plugin Loading "rhnplugin" plugin Loading "installonlyn" plugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. --> Package dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 set to be erased --> Running transaction check Setting up repositories Reading repository metadata in from local files --> Processing Dependency: dhcp = 12:3.0.5 for package: dhcp-devel --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. --> Package dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 set to be erased --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Removing: dhcp i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 installed 2.1 M Removing for dependencies: dhcp-devel i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 installed 1.4 M Transaction Summary
============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 2 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages: Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Removing : dhcp-devel ######################### [1/2] Removing : dhcp ######################### [2/2] Removed: dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5
Dependency Removed: dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-7.el5 Complete! [root@rhel5 ~]# |
yum clean headers 清除header
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