ospf学习笔记-7种状态_H3CTE的技术博客

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DOWN 状态

[r3]ospf

[r3-ospf-1]a 0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 11.0.0[1D [1D[1D [1D[1D [1D1.1.0 0.0.0.255

*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Hello Vers: 2 Len: 44

*0.5648030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xfa9c

*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10 Options: <Externals>

*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1 DeadInt: 40 DR: 0.0.0.0 BDR: 0.0.0.0 hello 报文

*0.5648031 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Hello Vers: 2 Len: 44

*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xfa9c

*0.5648032 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

*0.5648090 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10 Options: <Externals>

*0.5648290 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1 DeadInt: 40 DR: 0.0.0.0 BDR: 0.0.0.0

以上两个报文是Ospf 初始状态。当R2收到这个hello报文之后立即进入one-way 状态，因为R2在R1的hello报文里没有看到它自己《RID》，所以他它向R1回复hello报文并携带自己的信息。

*0.5648440 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5648590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Hello Vers: 2 Len: 48

*0.5648640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xea92

*0.5648690 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5648790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10 Options: <Externals>

*0.5648790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Pri: 1 DeadInt: 40 DR: 11.1.1.1 BDR: 0.0.0.0

*0.5648890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached routers: 1.1.1.1 hello 报文

这个报文表示R1在收到R2的hello报文之后立即进入two-way状态，这个hello分组说明R2已经看见R1的hello分组。R2的路由器ID要大一些，所以他就选择自己做DR。

*0.5648890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5649050 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 32

*0.5649150 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xe3c4

*0.5649200 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5649300 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <I M MS>OSPF SENT Options: <Externals> seq: 1610 DD报文

*0.5649400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5649450 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 32

*0.5649550 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xee89

*0.5649650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5649650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <I M MS>OSPF RECV Options: <Externals> seq: 949 DD报文

*0.5649800 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5649910 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 52

*0.5650010 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x225f

*0.5650060 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5650160 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT Options: <Externals> seq: 949

*0.5650210 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 0

*0.5650310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000002 Checksum: 0x29f4

*0.5650410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC) 携带LSA头的DD报文

以上三个报文，是OSPF的exstart状态的建立以及到exchange状态的过渡。在这个过程中，前两个DD报文不携带LSA头，只有序列号，在模仿了TCP的三次握手之后，选举出主从设备，有着最大RID的路由器将会成为主设备。在最后一个DD报文中，它携带了LSA头，从exstart状态过渡到exchange状态。

*0.5650510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5650610 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 32

*0.5650660 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xee89

*0.5650770 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5650820 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <I M MS>OSPF RECV Options: <Externals> seq: 949 DD报文

这个报文时主设备给R1的DD报文的一个确认。

*0.5650920 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5651020 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 52

*0.5651120 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x225f

*0.5651220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5651220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT Options: <Externals> seq: 949

*0.5651320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 0

*0.5651420 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000002 Checksum: 0x29f4

*0.5651520 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC) 携带LSA头的DD报文

*0.5651580 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5651680 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 52

*0.5651730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x6de3

*0.5651830 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5651930 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Flags <MS>OSPF RECV Options: <Externals> seq: 94a

*0.5652030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 42

*0.5652080 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000004 Checksum: 0xd83b

*0.5652180 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC) 携带LSA头的DD报文

*0.5652280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5652280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Database Description Vers: 2 Len: 32

*0.5652390 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xf091

*0.5652490 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5652590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Flags <>OSPF SENT Options: <Externals> seq: 94a DD报文

以上的报文就是OSPF exchange状态的过程，在交换状态中，路由器通过DBD分组描述它的整个链路状态数据库，每个DBD序列号都被明白的确认。当DD报文里面的M比特被设置为0的时候，这表示设备没有更多的数据要传送了，这是所有路由器交换完数据库的一个标志。

*0.5652640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5652740 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Link State Request Vers: 2 Len: 36

*0.5652840 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xf3cd

*0.5652940 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5652941 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 LSR报文

*0.5653043 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5653140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Link State Request Vers: 2 Len: 36

*0.5653250 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xf5cf

*0.5653350 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000 OSPF头

*0.5653400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 LSR报文

*0.5653500 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5653600 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.1 Link State Update Vers: 2 Len: 64

*0.5653650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x1f94

*0.5653750 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5653850 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Advertisement count: 1

*0.5653900 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 1

*0.5654000 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000002 Checksum: 0x29f4

*0.5654110 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC)

*0.5654160 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT StubNet ID: 11.1.1.0 Data: 255.255.255.0 metric: 1

*0.5654260 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5654310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Link State Update Vers: 2 Len: 64

*0.5654410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x6b1a

*0.5654510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5654560 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 1

*0.5654660 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 43

*0.5654760 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000004 Checksum: 0xd83b

*0.5654810 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5654920 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV StubNet ID: 11.1.1.0 Data: 255.255.255.0 metric: 1

*0.5654970 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5655070 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Update Vers: 2 Len: 96

*0.5655170 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xc7c5

*0.5655220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5655320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 2

*0.5655370 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 1

*0.5655470 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000005 Checksum: 0x7292

*0.5655570 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5655620 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV TransNet ID: 11.1.1.1 Data: 11.1.1.1 metric: 1

*0.5655730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Net Id: 11.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 1

*0.5655780 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 32 Seq #: 80000001 Checksum: 0x47d2

*0.5655880 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5655980 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Mask: 255.255.255.0

*0.5656030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached router: 2.2.2.2

*0.5656130 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached router: 1.1.1.1

*0.5656230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5656280 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Ack Vers: 2 Len: 64

*0.5656380 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x8323

*0.5656480 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5656540 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Net Id: 11.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 1

*0.5656640 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 32 Seq #: 80000001 Checksum: 0x47d2

*0.5656641 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC)

*0.5656740 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 43

*0.5656741 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000004 Checksum: 0xd83b

*0.5656890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC)

*0.5656940 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5657040 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Ack Vers: 2 Len: 44

*0.5657140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x2baa

*0.5657190 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5657300 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 1

*0.5657400 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000002 Checksum: 0x29f4

*0.5657450 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5657550 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5657650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Update Vers: 2 Len: 64

*0.5657650 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x6d46

*0.5657750 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5657850 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Advertisement count: 1

*0.5657900 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 1

*0.5658000 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000003 Checksum: 0xd03d

*0.5658110 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC)

*0.5658210 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT TransNet ID: 11.1.1.1 Data: 11.1.1.2 metric: 1

*0.5658211 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5658310 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 11.1.1.2 Link State Update Vers: 2 Len: 64

*0.5658410 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xc4e5

*0.5658510 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5658560 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Advertisement count: 1

*0.5658610 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 6

*0.5658710 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000005 Checksum: 0x7292

*0.5658810 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5658870 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV TransNet ID: 11.1.1.1 Data: 11.1.1.1 metric: 1

*0.5658970 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5659020 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Ack Vers: 2 Len: 44

*0.5659120 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0x855f

*0.5659220 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5659320 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Router Id: 1.1.1.1 AdvRtr: 1.1.1.1 Age: 1

*0.5659370 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Len: 36 Seq #: 80000003 Checksum: 0xd03d

*0.5659470 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Options:(DC)

*0.5659570 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5659620 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Link State Ack Vers: 2 Len: 44

*0.5659730 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xe101

*0.5659780 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5659880 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Router Id: 2.2.2.2 AdvRtr: 2.2.2.2 Age: 6

*0.5659930 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Len: 36 Seq #: 80000005 Checksum: 0x7292

*0.5660030 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Options:(DC)

以上这些报文时OSPF的loading状态，在这个状态里完成了三种OSPF报文类型的交互。分别是LSR,LSU,LSAck。然而LSR,的报文都是通过单播发送的，LSU即有单播发送又有组播发送。只有LSAck的报文时通过组播发送的。在LSU的更新报文里面看到了两种LSA的类型，即一类LSA,和二类LSA。而LOADING状态完成的同时，也就进入了OSPF的full状态。即全部完成了OSPF的七种状态。

*0.5660130 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5660230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT 11.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Hello Vers: 2 Len: 48

*0.5660230 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xde8f

*0.5660330 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5660430 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10 Options: <Externals>

*0.5660540 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Pri: 1 DeadInt: 40 DR: 11.1.1.1 BDR: 11.1.1.2

*0.5660590 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF SENT Attached routers: 2.2.2.2

*0.5660690 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF Process 1

*0.5660790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV 11.1.1.1(Ethernet0/0) -> 224.0.0.5 Hello Vers: 2 Len: 48

*0.5660790 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV RouterID: 2.2.2.2 Area: 0.0.0.0 Checksum: 0xde8f

*0.5660890 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Auth: Type: 0 Key: 00000000.00000000

*0.5660990 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Hello Int: 10 Options: <Externals>

*0.5661040 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Pri: 1 DeadInt: 40 DR: 11.1.1.1 BDR: 11.1.1.2

*0.5661140 r3 RM/7/RTDBG:OSPF RECV Attached routers: 1.1.1.1

在完成七种状态之后，路由器之间只发送HELLO报文来维持邻居关系。

2009.3.27

1：31

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