搭建VSFTPD服务器虚拟用户认证方式

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loopeelee 2015-01-24 16:19:45 ©著作权

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将如下内容保存为脚本，执行即可。可以通过sh -x 来执行，看安装过程是否报错，

在CentOS release 6.5 (Final) X64 版本完成测试。

[root@localhost ~]# cat install_vsftpd.sh
#!/bin/bash
#Author loopeelee

yum -y install vsftpd* pam* db4* ftp

#建立虚拟宿主用户
useradd -d /ftphome -m ftphost -s /sbin/nologin

#备份vsftpd.conf
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.bak

#编辑vsftpd.conf
echo > /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
cat > /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf << EOFF
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#设定不允许匿名访问
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#设定本地用户可以访问。注意：主要是为虚拟宿主用户，如果该项目设定为NO那么所有虚拟用户将无法访问。
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#设定可以进行写操作。
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#设定上传后文件的权限掩码。
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=NO
#禁止匿名用户上传。
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#禁止匿名用户建立目录。
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#设定开启目录标语功能。
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#设定开启日志记录功能。
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#设定端口20进行数据连接。
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
chown_uploads=NO
#设定禁止上传文件更改宿主。
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#设定Vsftpd的服务日志保存路径。
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#设定日志使用标准的记录格式。
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#设定空闲连接超时时间，这里使用默认，单位秒。
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#设定单次最大连续传输时间，这里使用默认。将具体数值留给每个具体用户具体指定，当然如果不指定的话，还是使用这里的默认值120，单位秒。
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#设定支持异步传输功能。
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#设定支持ASCII模式的上传和下载功能。
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Administrator Jason.Pan .
#设定Vsftpd的登陆标语。
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_local_user=YES
#禁止本地用户登出自己的FTP主目录
#chroot_list_enable=YES
#禁止用户登出自己的FTP主目录。
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#在chroot_list文件中可设置部分特殊用户能够登出自己的FTP主目录
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=NO
#禁止用户登陆FTP后使用"ls -R"的命令。该命令会对服务器性能造成巨大开销。如果该项被允许，那么挡多用户同时使用该命令时将会对该服务器造成威胁。
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#设定该Vsftpd服务工作在StandAlone模式下。
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
#设定PAM服务下Vsftpd的验证配置文件名。因此，PAM验证将参考/etc/pam.d/下的vsftpd文件配置。

userlist_enable=YES
#设定userlist_file中的用户将不得使用FTP。

tcp_wrappers=YES
#设定支持TCP Wrappers。

#以下是关于Vsftpd虚拟用户的重要配置项目，默认没有，需要自己手动添加配置。
guest_enable=YES
#设定启用虚拟用户功能。
guest_username=ftphost
#指定虚拟用户的宿主用户。
virtual_use_local_privs=YES
#设定虚拟用户的权限符合他们的宿主用户。
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vconf
#设定虚拟用户个人Vsftp的配置文件存放路径。目录中将存放每个Vsftp虚拟用户的个性配置文件，配置文件名必须和虚拟用户名相同。

EOFF

#创建Vsftpd所需的文件
touch /var/log/vsftpd.log
touch /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
touch /etc/vsftpd/user_list

#建立虚拟用户配置文件存放路径
mkdir /etc/vsftpd/vconf/

#建立虚拟用户名单文件
touch /etc/vsftpd/virtusers

#编辑虚拟用户名单文件在其中加入用户的用户名和口令信息，格式很简单：“1行用户名，1行密码”。
cat > /etc/vsftpd/virtusers << EOFF
jason
jasonJJ99
EOFF

#生成虚拟用户数据文件：
#根据操作系统版本不同可能为 db_load，db41_load或db42_load。
db_load -T -t hash -f /etc/vsftpd/virtusers /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db
#以后每次新增虚拟用户的时候，都需要执行3.2与3.3两个步骤。

#备份PAM验证配置文件
cp /etc/pam.d/vsftpd /etc/pam.d/vsftpd.bak

#编辑PAM验证配置文件
cat > /etc/pam.d/vsftpd << EOFF
#%PAM-1.0
auth sufficient /lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
account sufficient /lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
#这里选择sufficient而不是required的原因是，sufficient表示充分条件，可以让vsftpd同时支持虚拟用户和本地用户。
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so    force revoke
auth       required     pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/vsftpd/ftpusers onerr=succeed
auth       required     pam_shells.so
auth       include      password-auth
account    include      password-auth
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    include      password-auth
EOFF

#建立虚拟用户的FTP用户目录
mkdir -p /ftphome/jason

#建立虚拟用户配置文件模版
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.bak /etc/vsftpd/vconf/vconf.tmp
cat > /etc/vsftpd/vconf/vconf.tmp << EOFF
local_root=/ftphome/jason
#指定虚拟用户的具体主路径。
anonymous_enable=NO
#设定不允许匿名用户访问。
write_enable=YES
#设定允许写操作。
local_umask=022
#设定上传文件权限掩码。
anon_upload_enable=NO
#设定不允许匿名用户上传。
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#设定不允许匿名用户建立目录。
idle_session_timeout=600
#设定空闲连接超时时间。
data_connection_timeout=120
#设定单次连续传输最大时间。
max_clients=10
#设定并发客户端访问个数。
max_per_ip=5
#设定单个客户端的最大线程数，这个配置主要来照顾Flashget、迅雷等多线程下载软件。
local_max_rate=50000
#设定该用户的最大传输速率，单位b/s。

EOFF

#更改虚拟用户的目录的属主为虚拟宿主用户
chown -R ftphost.ftphost /ftphome

#从虚拟用户模版配置文件复制,创建虚拟用户配置文件，可以根据需要再修改这个文件。
cp /etc/vsftpd/vconf/vconf.tmp /etc/vsftpd/vconf/jason

#启动vsftpd服务
/etc/init.d/vsftpd start

#test user:jason passwd:jasonJJ99
#参考文章：http://www.opsers.org/server/based-on-the-virtual-users-of-the-way-vsftp-senior-settings.html
#参考文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/hhuai/archive/2011/02/12/1952647.html
#参考文章：http://freeloda.blog.51cto.com/2033581/1235840

如上是安装脚本

下面再来个修改用户的脚本：

[root@localhost vsftpd]# cat ModifyUsers.sh

#!/bin/bash
#The script can create,deactivate,activate and delete virtual users of vsftpd.
#Author: loopeelee

USERFILE=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
USERDB=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db
CONFBASE=/etc/vsftpd/vconf
TMPCONF=/etc/vsftpd/vconf/vconf.tmp
FTPBASE=/ftphome
FTPHOST=ftphost
USERNAME=$2

if [ $# != 2 ];then
        echo "Useage: $0 {create|disable|enable|passwd|delete} {username}" >&2
        exit 1
fi

function check_username_exist() {
                #Check if virtual user already exist
                USERCOUNT=$(sed -n 'p;n' $USERFILE | grep -w $USERNAME | wc -l)
                if [ $USERCOUNT -ne 0 ];then
                echo "User $USERNAME ALREADY exist!" && exit
                fi
}

check_username_notexist() {
                #Check if virtual user not exist
                USERCOUNT=$(sed -n 'p;n' $USERFILE | grep -w $USERNAME | wc -l)
                if [ $USERCOUNT -eq 0 ];then
                echo "User $USERNAME NOT exist!" && exit
                fi
}

get_password() {
                #Get the password
                echo -n "Input password:"
                read password
                #Check if password is empty
                if [ -z "$password" ];then
                echo "Empty password!!" && exit
                fi
}

case "$1" in
        'create' )
                check_username_exist
                get_password
                #Write the username and password to $USERFILE
                echo $USERNAME >> $USERFILE
                echo $password >> $USERFILE
                #Generate the virtual user db
                db_load -T -t hash -f $USERFILE $USERDB
                #Create the configure file of virtual user
                cp $TMPCONF $CONFBASE/$USERNAME
                #Replace the home directory name of virtual user
                sed -i "s/virtuser/$USERNAME/g" $CONFBASE/$USERNAME
                #Create the home directory of virtual user
                mkdir $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                #Change the owner of home directory to OS user $FTPHOST
                chown -R $FTPHOST:$FTPHOST $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                ;;

        'disable' )
                check_username_exist
                #Change the owner of home directory from $FTPHOST to root
                chown root:root $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                #Change the permissions of home directory to read-only for root
                chmod 700 $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                ;;

        'enable' )
                check_username_exist
                #Change the owner of home directory from root to $FTPHOST to root
                chown $FTPHOST:$FTPHOST $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                #Change the permissions of home directory to 775 for $FTPHOST
                chmod 775 $FTPBASE/$USERNAME
                ;;

        'delete' )
                check_username_notexist
                #Get the row numbers of username and password of virtual user
                ROWNUMBER=$(cat -n $USERFILE | sed -n 'p;n' | grep -w $USERNAME | awk '{print $1}' | head -n 1)
                #Delete the username and password of virtual user from $USERFILE
                sed -i "${ROWNUMBER}d" $USERFILE
                sed -i "${ROWNUMBER}d" $USERFILE
                #Generate the virtual user db
                db_load -T -t hash -f $USERFILE $USERDB
                #Delete the configure file of virtual user
                rm -f $CONFBASE/$USERNAME
                #Rename the home directory name of virtual user
                mv $FTPBASE/$USERNAME $FTPBASE/$USERNAME.deleted
                ;;

        'passwd' )
                check_username_notexist
                get_password
                #Get the row numbers of username and password of virtual user
                ROWNUMBER=$(cat -n $USERFILE | sed -n 'p;n' | grep -w $USERNAME | awk '{print $1}' | head -n 1)
                PASSWORDNUMBER=$(expr $ROWNUMBER + 1)
                sed -i "${PASSWORDNUMBER}d" $USERFILE
                sed -i "${ROWNUMBER}a $password" $USERFILE
                #Generate the virtual user db
                db_load -T -t hash -f $USERFILE $USERDB
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Useage: $0 {create|disable|enable|passwd|delete} {username}" >&2
                exit 1
                ;;
esac