基本介绍
经常用python或java处理json数据，其实在Shell命令行，我们可以用开源JQ工具来处理Json数据。会更加简洁和高效。
CentOS 安装JQ
wget -O jq https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.5/jq-linux64
chmod +x ./jq
cp jq /usr/bin
JQ常用举例
1、原始JSON数据
cat jsonData.json
{"productId":"2723","click":60,"view":300,"deal":2,"day":"20130919"}
{"productId":"2728","click":130,"view":800,"deal":10,"day":"20130919"}
{"productId":"3609","click":50,"view":400,"deal":3,"day":"20130919"}
{"productId":"3783","click":375,"view":1200,"deal":50,"day":"20130919"}
{"productId":"3522","click":87,"view":573,"deal":15,"day":"20130919"}
2、格式化输出
jq -r . jsonData.json
{
"productId": "2723",
"click": 60,
"view": 300,
"deal": 2,
"day": "20130919"
}
{
"productId": "2728",
"click": 130,
"view": 800,
"deal": 10,
"day": "20130919"
}
...
3、提取json指定字段转csv
这里我们需要得到productId_day,click,view,deal这种格式的csv文件。
jq -r '[.productId+"_"+.day,(.click|tostring),(.view|tostring),(.deal|tostring)]|join(",")' jsonData.json
结果：
2723_20130919,60,300,2
2728_20130919,130,800,10
3609_20130919,50,400,3
3783_20130919,375,1200,50
3522_20130919,87,573,15
注意：
.productId:取productId字段的值
.click|tostring:取click字段的值并转化为string类型
[]:数组
join(","):数组中的元素通过","连接。
4、复杂json数据查询
complexJson='{"uid":"2378","nameInfo":[{"firstName":"nova","lastName":"jos"}]}'
echo ${complexJson} |jq
{
"uid": "2378",
"nameInfo": [
{
"firstName": "nova",
"lastName": "jos"
}
]
}
echo ${complexJson} |jq -r '.nameInfo[].lastName'
结果:jos
注意:.nameInfo[].lastName是获取.nameInfo[] json array中每个json object的lastName字段。
5、提取指定字段形成新的json
jq -c '{productId:.productId,click:.click,dayYmd:(.day|tonumber)}' jsonData.json >>newjson.json
结果:
cat newjson.json
{"productId":"2723","click":60,"dayYmd":20130919}
{"productId":"2728","click":130,"dayYmd":20130919}
{"productId":"3609","click":50,"dayYmd":20130919}
{"productId":"3783","click":375,"dayYmd":20130919}
{"productId":"3522","click":87,"dayYmd":20130919}
注意:
-c/--compact-output:jq 默认是pretty-prints JSON 输出，加上这个参数，一行一个json对象。
6、csv文件转json文件
cat csvData.csv
1478,john,38
1529,lucy,25
1673,iris,22
jq -R -c 'split(",")|{"uid":.[0],"name":.[1],"age":.[2]|tonumber}' csvData.csv > csv2json.json
cat csv2json.json
{"uid":"1478","name":"john","age":38}
{"uid":"1529","name":"lucy","age":25}
{"uid":"1673","name":"iris","age":22}
主要参考文档
1、https://programminghistorian.org/lessons/json-and-jq
2、JQ使用手册:https://stedolan.github.io/jq/manual/#Basicfilters
3、JQ Cookbook:https://github.com/stedolan/jq/wiki/Cookbook
---------------------
作者：wangpei1949
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/wangpei1949/article/details/78702272
