adjective形容词
1、用来修饰名词、代词的词;
2、句法作用:作定语、表语及宾语补足语;
一、句中位置
1、前置
多放名词之前,音节少的词放在音节多的词之前;
a big yellow wooden wheel一个黄色的大木轮
2、表语
作表语时放系动词之后;
The price sounds reasonable.这个价格听起来合理
3、宾补
作宾语补足语时放宾语之后;
We must try out best to keep our environment clean.
4、后置
修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后;
Something serious has happened to him.
与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、距离”的词连用时形容词置后;
He's 1.8 meters tall.
5、形容词词序
(限定词 + 程度副词) +
描绘性形容词 +
表大小(长短、高低、形状) +
表状态的形容词 +
表年龄(新旧)的形容词 +
表颜色的形容词 +
表图案的形容词 +
表国籍或产地的形容词 +
表物质材料的形容词 +
表类别或用途的形容词 +
名词
限定词:a|an|the|my|your|four|those|some等;
描绘性形容词:beautiful|boring|stupid|delicious|useful|lovely|comfortable等;
大小:big|small|tall|huge|tiny;
形状、重量、长短:round|square|circular|skinny|fat|heavy|straight|long|short;
状态:broken|cold|hot|wet|hungry|rich|easy|difficult|dirty;
年龄:old|young|new|ancient|antique;
颜色:green|white|blue|reddish|purple;
图案:striped|spotted|checked|flowery;
国籍:American|British|Italian|eastern|Australian|Chilean;
物质材料:gold|wooden|silk|paper|synthetic|cotton|woolen;
类别或用途:sleeping(bag)|wedding(dress);
形容词词序口诀:
老大(限描大)、老二(形龄颜)、老三(籍材类);
A beautiful big purple wooden desk.
A pretty little square old black Japanese wooden writing desk.一个旧的漂亮的黑色的日本的方形木制小写字桌
二、7组易混词辨析
1、interested|interesting
interested,对...感兴趣的,人的情绪;
interesting,令...感兴趣的,物|经历|事件;
另:
boring <--> bored
confusing <--> confused
pleasing <--> pleased
astonishing <--> astonished
surprising <--> surprised
confusing <--> confused
satisfying <--> satisfied
embarrassing <--> embarrassed
The man is very interesting and all the children like him.
I am interested in science.
2、good与well
作定语或表语用good;
表“身体好”或作状语时用well=fine;
Doing sports is good for us.表语
Study well and make progress every day.状语
How are you? - I am very well.身体
3、nice与fine
nice,表令人愉快的,可指东西、人物外表等;
fine,指身体或天气好;
Let's go and share the nice cake.东西
She is a nice girl.人
What a fine day.天气
He's fine recently.身体
4、too much与much too
too much,“太多的”,修饰名词表示事物数量;
much too,“太过|过分”,修饰形容词或副词;
I am full because I have had too much rice.
That coat is much too dear.
# 补充dear
n.亲爱的
Did you have a good time at work, dear?
adj.珍视的|昂贵的|信函前亲爱的
A dear friend
What a dear little boy!
The sweater is much too dear.
int.啊|天呐,表惊愕、奇怪、惊奇
Oh, dear! I've lost my pen.
Dear! Dear! I'm sorry to hear that.
5、quick|fast|soon
quick与fast,速度快,可互换;
soon,时间快;
After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.速度
A train is much faster than a bus.速度
His father will be back to China very soon.时间
6、lonely与alone
lonely,adj.,孤独的、寂寞的,一个人的后果;
alone,adj.|adv.,独自的|单独的,独自|单独,一个人的事实;
He lives alonebut he doesn't feel lonely.
He is alonelyperson. You can not easily get on well with him.
7、living|alive|live|lively
living,活着的、现存的,一模一样的、逼真的,=lively强烈的、活泼的;
live,指东西(物)“活的”=living,现场的,实况的;
alive,指人“活着的”;
lively,有生气的、活泼的、可爱的、快活的,(色彩)鲜艳的,生动的、真实的;
注,+ly的也有可能是adj.,如friendly|lively|lonely;
We have a living hope that you will succeed.强烈的
Is she still alive?(人)活着的
This a live fish.(东西)活着的
She is as lively as a kitten.可爱的
He gave a lively description of the football match.生动的