adjective形容词

1、用来修饰名词、代词的词;

2、句法作用:作定语、表语及宾语补足语;

一、句中位置

1、前置

多放名词之前,音节少的词放在音节多的词之前;

a big yellow wooden wheel一个黄色的大木轮


2、表语

作表语时放系动词之后;

The price sounds reasonable.这个价格听起来合理


3、宾补

作宾语补足语时放宾语之后;

We must try out best to keep our environment clean.


4、后置

修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后;

Something serious has happened to him.

与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、距离”的词连用时形容词置后;

He's 1.8 meters tall.


5、形容词词序

(限定词 + 程度副词) +

描绘性形容词 +

表大小(长短、高低、形状) +

表状态的形容词 +

表年龄(新旧)的形容词 +

表颜色的形容词 +

表图案的形容词 +

表国籍或产地的形容词 +

表物质材料的形容词 +

表类别或用途的形容词 +

名词


限定词:a|an|the|my|your|four|those|some等;

描绘性形容词:beautiful|boring|stupid|delicious|useful|lovely|comfortable等;

大小:big|small|tall|huge|tiny;

形状、重量、长短:round|square|circular|skinny|fat|heavy|straight|long|short;

状态:broken|cold|hot|wet|hungry|rich|easy|difficult|dirty;

年龄:old|young|new|ancient|antique;

颜色:green|white|blue|reddish|purple;

图案:striped|spotted|checked|flowery;

国籍:American|British|Italian|eastern|Australian|Chilean;

物质材料:gold|wooden|silk|paper|synthetic|cotton|woolen;

类别或用途:sleeping(bag)|wedding(dress);


形容词词序口诀:

老大(限描大)、老二(形龄颜)、老三(籍材类);

A beautiful big purple wooden desk.

A pretty little square old black Japanese wooden writing desk.一个旧的漂亮的黑色的日本的方形木制小写字桌

二、7组易混词辨析

1、interested|interesting

interested,对...感兴趣的,人的情绪;

interesting,令...感兴趣的,物|经历|事件;

另:

boring <--> bored

confusing <--> confused

pleasing <--> pleased

astonishing <--> astonished

surprising <--> surprised

confusing <--> confused

satisfying <--> satisfied

embarrassing <--> embarrassed

The man is very interesting and all the children like him.

I am interested in science.


2、good与well

作定语或表语用good;

表“身体好”或作状语时用well=fine;

Doing sports is good for us.表语

Study well and make progress every day.状语

How are you? - I am very well.身体


3、nice与fine

nice,表令人愉快的,可指东西、人物外表等;

fine,指身体或天气好;

Let's go and share the nice cake.东西

She is a nice girl.人

What a fine day.天气

He's fine recently.身体


4、too much与much too

too much,“太多的”,修饰名词表示事物数量;

much too,“太过|过分”,修饰形容词或副词;

I am full because I have had too much rice.

That coat is much too dear.  

# 补充dear

n.亲爱的

Did you have a good time at work, dear?

adj.珍视的|昂贵的|信函前亲爱的

A dear friend

What a dear little boy!

The sweater is much too dear.

int.啊|天呐,表惊愕、奇怪、惊奇

Oh, dear! I've lost my pen.

Dear! Dear! I'm sorry to hear that.


5、quick|fast|soon

quick与fast,速度快,可互换;

soon,时间快;

After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.速度

A train is much faster than a bus.速度

His father will be back to China very soon.时间


6、lonely与alone

lonely,adj.,孤独的、寂寞的,一个人的后果;

alone,adj.|adv.,独自的|单独的,独自|单独,一个人的事实;

He lives alonebut he doesn't feel lonely.

He is alonelyperson. You can not easily get on well with him.


7、living|alive|live|lively

living,活着的、现存的,一模一样的、逼真的,=lively强烈的、活泼的;

live,指东西(物)“活的”=living,现场的,实况的;

alive,指人“活着的”;

lively,有生气的、活泼的、可爱的、快活的,(色彩)鲜艳的,生动的、真实的;

注,+ly的也有可能是adj.,如friendly|lively|lonely;

We have a living hope that you will succeed.强烈的

Is she still alive?(人)活着的

This a live fish.(东西)活着的

She is as lively as a kitten.可爱的

He gave a lively description of the football match.生动的