mysql编译出错的解决方法

原创

jiedushi 2010-10-28 12:55:49 博主文章分类：数据库 ©著作权

文章标签 职场 mysql 数据库错误休闲 文章分类 MySQL 数据库

©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者jiedushi的原创作品，请联系作者获取转载授权，否则将追究法律责任

在 CentOS 5.5 下编译安装MySQL时出错：
/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
解决方法是：
在执行./configure 之前，先执行：
# yum install automake autoconf libtool
# autoreconf --force --install
# libtoolize --automake --force
# automake --force --add-missing
正确运行以上命令后在执行./configure进行编译即可

编译源码提示 No curses/termcap library found，但安装curses termcap都提示已经安装。
编译时加上路径即可解决，即
./configure –with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5
以上为centos 5.2,如果是Ubuntu，需要安装.sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

出现错误：
/usr/bin/ld: attempted static link of dynamic object `/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [mysql] 错误 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/navy/Desktop/mysql-5.0.27/client'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/navy/Desktop/mysql-5.0.27'
make: *** [all] 错误 2

解决方法：
检查是否已经安装以下的辅助软件包
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# rpm -q ncurses
ncurses-5.5-24.20060715
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# rpm -q ncurses-devel
package ncurses-devel is not installed
提示ncurses-devel没有安装，用yum安装：
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# yum install ncurses-devel
Setting up Install Process
Total download size: 1.6 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Installed: ncurses-devel.i386 0:5.5-24.20060715
Complete!

重新configure，make时再次出现错误：
/usr/bin/ld: attempted static link of dynamic object `/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [mysql] 错误 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/navy/Desktop/mysql-5.0.27/client'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/navy/Desktop/mysql-5.0.27'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
解决方法：
在configure时将选项“--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5”去除
# ./configure --prefix=/program/mysql --localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-Community --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-debug --with-big-tables --with-charset=gbk --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=all --with-pthread --enable-static --enable-thread-safe-client --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --enable-assembler --without-innodb --without-ndb-debug --with-charset=utf8

[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# make
make成功！
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# make install

---
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# useradd mysql //添加 mysql 用户
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.27]# cd /program/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Installing all prepared tables
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //设置权限，注意后面有一个 "."
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysql //设置 mysql 目录权限
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql . //注意后面有一个 "."
[root@localhost mysql]# cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖“/etc/my.cnf”? y
[root@localhost mysql]# cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld //开机自动启动 mysql
cp：是否覆盖“/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld”? y
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start //启动 MySQL
Starting MySQL
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqladmin -u root password "要设置的密码"
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld stop //关闭 MySQL
Shutting down MySQL

---
统一编码
1.2.1首先要确保centos5以中文方式安装，我测试过先按英文方式安装，可后来怎么也配不上中文字符集。重新用中文方式安装，字符集都会自动加载了，免去很多烦恼。
如果不放心，确认一下：
vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n (确保其内容是这样的.)
LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
查看变量：env
export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
如果都是这样，就正确了！

1.2.2修改mysql的配置文件,使数据库与服务器操作系统的字符集设置一致。
vi /etc/my.cnf 设置(如果没有发现这个文件，就新建1个)
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8 (增加的关键一句,使得数据库缺省以utf8存储)
当然，修改后，要重启数据库。
再次用mysql -u root -p命令进入数据库系统，用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看到如下内容：
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                               |
| character_set_connection | latin1                               |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                               |
| character_set_results    | latin1                               |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                 |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                 |
| character_sets_dir       | /program/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+

但这样还不够，还要保证客户端也是用utf8的字符集来操作的。
登录的时候，要用以下命令：mysql --default-character-set=utf8 -u root -p
再次用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';命令查看，结果变成了：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                 |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                 |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                               |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                 |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                 |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                 |
| character_sets_dir       | /program/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+

也可以用set改变编码，不过退出sql后，不能保存。
set character_set_client=utf8;