简介
Nginx("engine x") 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。Nginx是由Igor Sysoev为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru站点开发的，第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。
Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like协议下发行。由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，供俄国大型的入口网站及搜索引擎Rambler（俄文：Рамблер）使用。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：百度、京东、新浪、网易、腾讯、淘宝等。
引用：百度百科
Taobao基于nginx开发的web服务软件http://tengine.taobao.org/
安装
1、环境
[root@test ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: EnterpriseEnterpriseServer Description: Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Serverrelease 5.8 (Carthage) Release: 5.8 Codename: Carthage
2、安装依赖包
[root@test ~]# yum install autoconf automake zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel gcc –y
3、 安装nginx和相关模块
[root@test ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@test src]# wgethttp://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz [root@test src]# wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz [root@test src]# tar –xzvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz [root@test src]# tar –xzvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz [root@test src]# cd nginx-1.8.1 [root@test src]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_sub_module --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 [root@test src]# make && make install
具体支持的编译参数可通过configure命令查看：
[root@test nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure --help --help print this message --prefix=PATH set installation prefix --sbin-path=PATH set nginx binary pathname --conf-path=PATH set nginx.conf pathname --error-log-path=PATH set error log pathname --pid-path=PATH set nginx.pid pathname --lock-path=PATH set nginx.lock pathname --user=USER set non-privileged user for workerprocesses --group=GROUP set non-privileged group for workerprocesses --build=NAME set build name --builddir=DIR set build directory --with-rtsig_module enable rtsig module --with-select_module enable select module --without-select_module disable select module --with-poll_module enable poll module --without-poll_module disable poll module --with-threads enable thread pool support --with-file-aio enable file AIO support --with-ipv6 enable IPv6 support --with-http_ssl_module enable ngx_http_ssl_module --with-http_spdy_module enable ngx_http_spdy_module --with-http_realip_module enable ngx_http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module enable ngx_http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module enable ngx_http_xslt_module --with-http_p_w_picpath_filter_module enable ngx_http_p_w_picpath_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module enable ngx_http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module enable ngx_http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module enable ngx_http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module enable ngx_http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module enable ngx_http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module enable ngx_http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module enable ngx_http_auth_request_module --with-http_random_index_module enable ngx_http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module enable ngx_http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module enable ngx_http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module enable ngx_http_stub_status_module --without-http_charset_module disable ngx_http_charset_module --without-http_gzip_module disable ngx_http_gzip_module --without-http_ssi_module disable ngx_http_ssi_module --without-http_userid_module disable ngx_http_userid_module --without-http_access_module disable ngx_http_access_module --without-http_auth_basic_module disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module --without-http_autoindex_module disable ngx_http_autoindex_module --without-http_geo_module disable ngx_http_geo_module --without-http_map_module disable ngx_http_map_module --without-http_split_clients_module disablengx_http_split_clients_module --without-http_referer_module disable ngx_http_referer_module --without-http_rewrite_module disable ngx_http_rewrite_module --without-http_proxy_module disable ngx_http_proxy_module --without-http_fastcgi_module disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module --without-http_uwsgi_module disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module disable ngx_http_scgi_module --without-http_memcached_module disable ngx_http_memcached_module --without-http_limit_conn_module disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module --without-http_limit_req_module disable ngx_http_limit_req_module --without-http_empty_gif_module disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module --without-http_browser_module disable ngx_http_browser_module --without-http_upstream_hash_module disablengx_http_upstream_hash_module --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module disablengx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module --without-http_upstream_least_conn_module disablengx_http_upstream_least_conn_module --without-http_upstream_keepalive_module disablengx_http_upstream_keepalive_module --with-http_perl_module enable ngx_http_perl_module --with-perl_modules_path=PATH set Perl modules path --with-perl=PATH set perl binary pathname --http-log-path=PATH set http access log pathname --http-client-body-temp-path=PATH set path to store httpclient request body temporary files --http-proxy-temp-path=PATH set path to store http proxytemporary files --http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store httpfastcgi temporary files --http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store http uwsgitemporary files --http-scgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store http scgitemporary files --without-http disable HTTP server --without-http-cache disable HTTP cache --with-mail enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module --with-mail_ssl_module enable ngx_mail_ssl_module --without-mail_pop3_module disable ngx_mail_pop3_module --without-mail_imap_module disable ngx_mail_imap_module --without-mail_smtp_module disable ngx_mail_smtp_module --with-google_perftools_module enable ngx_google_perftools_module --with-cpp_test_module enable ngx_cpp_test_module --add-module=PATH enable an external module --with-cc=PATH set C compiler pathname --with-cpp=PATH set C preprocessor pathname --with-cc-opt=OPTIONS set additional C compiler options --with-ld-opt=OPTIONS set additional linker options --with-cpu-opt=CPU build for the specified CPU, valid values: pentium,pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4, athlon,opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64 --without-pcre disable PCRE library usage --with-pcre force PCRE library usage --with-pcre=DIR set path to PCRE library sources --with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for PCRE --with-pcre-jit build PCRE with JIT compilation support --with-md5=DIR set path to md5 library sources --with-md5-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for md5 --with-md5-asm use md5 assembler sources --with-sha1=DIR set path to sha1 library sources --with-sha1-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for sha1 --with-sha1-asm use sha1 assembler sources --with-zlib=DIR set path to zlib library sources --with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for zlib --with-zlib-asm=CPU use zlib assembler sources optimized for thespecified CPU, valid values: pentium, pentiumpro --with-libatomic force libatomic_ops library usage --with-libatomic=DIR set path to libatomic_ops library sources --with-openssl=DIR set path to OpenSSL library sources --with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for OpenSSL --with-debug enable debug logging
4、 Nginx启停
1、 Nginx启停 启动 /usr/local/nginx/nginx 2、停止 信号名 作用描述 TERM, INT 快速关闭程序，中止当前正在处理的请求 QUIT 处理完当前请求后，关闭程序 HUP 重新加载配置，并开启新的工作进程，关闭就的进程，此操作不会中断请求 USR1 重新打开日志文件，用于切换日志，例如每天生成一个新的日志文件 USR2 平滑升级可执行程序 WINCH 从容关闭工作进程 [root@test src]# kill -QUIT `cat/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid` [root@test src]# kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid` [root@test src]# kill -WINCH `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid` 3、强制停止 [root@test src]# kill -9 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
