1、简介
glTF格式使用scene对象来描述场景。对glTF数据的JSON文件进行解析时，对场景结构的遍历也是从scene对象开始。每个scene对象引用了一个nodes数组，nodes数组通过索引引用了场景的根结点。
示例中的代码只包含了一个scene对象，这一scene对象引用了一个索引为0的node对象，这个node对象引用了索引为0的mesh对象：
{
"scenes" : [
{
"nodes" : [ 0 ]
}
],
"nodes" : [
{
"mesh" : 0
}
],
"meshes" : [
{
"primitives" : [ {
"attributes" : {
"POSITION" : 1
},
"indices" : 0
} ]
}
],
"buffers" : [
{
"uri" : "data:application/octet-stream;base64,AAAA为了排版而省略，可以使用英文原文中的代码",
"byteLength" : 44
}
],
"bufferViews" : [
{
"buffer" : 0,
"byteOffset" : 0,
"byteLength" : 6,
"target" : 34963
},
{
"buffer" : 0,
"byteOffset" : 8,
"byteLength" : 36,
"target" : 34962
}
],
"accessors" : [
{
"bufferView" : 0,
"byteOffset" : 0,
"componentType" : 5123,
"count" : 3,
"type" : "SCALAR",
"max" : [ 2 ],
"min" : [ 0 ]
},
{
"bufferView" : 1,
"byteOffset" : 0,
"componentType" : 5126,
"count" : 3,
"type" : "VEC3",
"max" : [ 1.0, 1.0, 0.0 ],
"min" : [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ]
}
],
"asset" : {
"version" : "2.0"
}
}
2、gltflib (v2.0, python）
https://pypi.org/project/gltflib/
Library for parsing, creating, and converting glTF 2.0 files in Python 3.6+.
This library is intended for working with glTF 2.0 at a fairly low level, meaning you are responsible for managing the actual geometry data yourself. This library facilitates saving this data into a properly formatted glTF/GLB file. It also helps with converting resources inside a glTF/GLB file between external files or web URLs, data URLs, and embedded GLB resources.
pip install gltflib
2.1 Parsing a glTF 2.0 Model
from gltflib import GLTF
gltf = GLTF.load('D:/glTF-Sample-Models/2.0/BoxTextured/gltf/BoxTextured.gltf')
# print(gltf.model)
print(gltf.model.buffers[0].uri)
print(gltf.resources)
resource = gltf.resources[0]
print(resource)
2.2 Exporting a glTF 2.0 Model
import struct
import operator
from gltflib import (
GLTF, GLTFModel, Asset, Scene, Node, Mesh, Primitive, Attributes, Buffer, BufferView, Accessor, AccessorType,
BufferTarget, ComponentType, GLBResource, FileResource)
vertices = [
(-4774424.719997984, 4163079.2597148907, 671001.6353722484),
(-4748098.650098154, 4163079.259714891, 837217.8990777463),
(-4689289.5292739635, 4246272.966707474, 742710.4976137652)
]
vertex_bytearray = bytearray()
for vertex in vertices:
for value in vertex:
vertex_bytearray.extend(struct.pack('f', value))
bytelen = len(vertex_bytearray)
mins = [min([operator.itemgetter(i)(vertex) for vertex in vertices]) for i in range(3)]
maxs = [max([operator.itemgetter(i)(vertex) for vertex in vertices]) for i in range(3)]
model = GLTFModel(
asset=Asset(version='2.0'),
scenes=[Scene(nodes=[0])],
nodes=[Node(mesh=0)],
meshes=[Mesh(primitives=[Primitive(attributes=Attributes(POSITION=0))])],
buffers=[Buffer(byteLength=bytelen, uri='vertices.bin')],
bufferViews=[BufferView(buffer=0, byteOffset=0, byteLength=bytelen, target=BufferTarget.ARRAY_BUFFER.value)],
accessors=[Accessor(bufferView=0, byteOffset=0, componentType=ComponentType.FLOAT.value, count=len(vertices),
type=AccessorType.VEC3.value, min=mins, max=maxs)]
)
resource = FileResource('vertices.bin', data=vertex_bytearray)
gltf = GLTF(model=model, resources=[resource])
gltf.export('triangle.gltf')
# gltf.export('triangle.glb')
2.3 Converting Between glTF and GLB
from gltflib import GLTF
gltf = GLTF.load('D:/glTF-Sample-Models/2.0/BoxTextured/gltf/BoxTextured.gltf')
gltf.export('D:/BoxTextured.glb')
from gltflib import GLTF
gltf = GLTF.load('D:/glTF-Sample-Models/2.0/BoxTextured/glTF-Binary/BoxTextured.glb')
glb_resource = gltf.get_glb_resource()
gltf.convert_to_file_resource(glb_resource, 'BoxTextured.bin')
gltf.export('D:/BoxTextured.gltf')
<font color=blue size=5>相关测试代码见网址链接： https://download.csdn.net/download/hhy321/85182743
3、three.js（v2.0, javascript）
3.1 下载和编译
https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js
下载GitHub代码：
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js.git
使用npm编译代码：
npm install
npm start
or
npm run dev
3.2 官网代码示意
- 代码1：
import * as THREE from 'three';
// init
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera( 70, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.01, 10 );
camera.position.z = 1;
const scene = new THREE.Scene();
const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 );
const material = new THREE.MeshNormalMaterial();
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, material );
scene.add( mesh );
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer( { antialias: true } );
renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight );
renderer.setAnimationLoop( animation );
document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );
// animation
function animation( time ) {
mesh.rotation.x = time / 2000;
mesh.rotation.y = time / 1000;
renderer.render( scene, camera );
}
- 代码2：
<script type="module">
import * as THREE from 'three';
import Stats from './jsm/libs/stats.module.js';
import { GUI } from './jsm/libs/lil-gui.module.min.js';
import { GLTFLoader } from './jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js';
import { GPUComputationRenderer } from './jsm/misc/GPUComputationRenderer.js';
/* TEXTURE WIDTH FOR SIMULATION */
const WIDTH = 64;
const BIRDS = WIDTH * WIDTH;
/* BAKE ANIMATION INTO TEXTURE and CREATE GEOMETRY FROM BASE MODEL */
const BirdGeometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
let textureAnimation, durationAnimation, birdMesh, materialShader, indicesPerBird;
function nextPowerOf2( n ) {
return Math.pow( 2, Math.ceil( Math.log( n ) / Math.log( 2 ) ) );
}
Math.lerp = function ( value1, value2, amount ) {
amount = Math.max( Math.min( amount, 1 ), 0 );
return value1 + ( value2 - value1 ) * amount;
};
const gltfs = [ 'models/gltf/Parrot.glb', 'models/gltf/Flamingo.glb' ];
const colors = [ 0xccFFFF, 0xffdeff ];
const sizes = [ 0.2, 0.1 ];
const selectModel = Math.floor( Math.random() * gltfs.length );
new GLTFLoader().load( gltfs[ selectModel ], function ( gltf ) {
//.........
//.........
//.........
}
//.........
//.........
//.........
</script>
结语
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