System.Net and related.
Summary: Useful logging option to track problems on Sockets, Remoting Channel, Web Requests and HttpListener.
Platform: .Net 2.0
Details:

ADO.Net Managed Provider ETW Tracing
Summary: Very powerful tracing with details on API invocations, 1st chance exceptions. Next generation of high performance tracing.
Platform: .Net 2.0 with Windows 2003 SP1 or Windows XP SP2
Details:

System.Xml Serialization.
Summary: Leave the temporary auto-generarted XML serialization code behind for easier debugging XML serialization problems.
Platform: .Net 1.0 above
Details:
PRB: You Receive a "System.IO.FileNotFoundException" Error When the Client Application Calls a Web Service
[url]http://support.microsoft.com/?id=823196[/url]

Visual Studio 2005 IDE Activity Log
Summary: Provide additional information for IDE crash issues.
Platform: Visual Studio 2005
Details:

VSTS related

Team Foundation Server Component Trace
Summary: File based trace for TFS components.
Platform: Team Foundation Server
Details:
Global Web.Config File Settings in Team Foundation Server Components
[url]http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms400784.aspx[/url]
Enabling Trace for Team Foundation Server Components
[url]http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms400788.aspx[/url]

Team Build Service Log
Summary: Detailed log for troubleshooting Team Build Service problems.
Platform: Team Foundation Server
Details:
Please refer to the comment in the following file where Team Build Service is installed:
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\tfsbuildservice.exe.config

Team Foundation Client Log
Summary: This log is useful for tracking problem, espcially performance problem with Team Explorer.
Platform: Team Foundation Server Client Components
Details:
There seems to be no formal document on this. Buck's blog has mentioned it:
How to measure performance using the web service performance dialog
[url]http://blogs.msdn.com/buckh/archive/2006/09/25/performance_dialog.aspx[/url]
Apart from Buck's blog, the setting for the .Config file can also use a file based trace listener:
  <system.diagnostics>
    <switches>
      <add name="General" value="4" />
    </switches>
    <trace autoflush="true" indentsize="3">
      <listeners>
        <add name="myListener"
        type="Microsoft.TeamFoundation.TeamFoundationTextWriterTraceListener,Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Common, Version=8.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
        initializeData="c:\devenv.log" />
      </listeners>
    </trace>
  </system.diagnostics>
 

WinForm related

IEHost Log
Summary: Trace for troubleshooting .Net WinForm component download hosted in IE.
Platform: .Net 1.0 above
Details:
HOW TO: Use the IEHost Log to Debug .NET Object Hosting in Internet Explorer
[url]http://support.microsoft.com/?id=313892[/url]

System.Transactions related

System.Transactions
Summary: Useful for tracing internal Transaction code paths..
Platform: .Net 2.0
Details:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.diagnostics>
    <switches>
      <add name="System.Transactions" value="Verbose"/>
    </switches>
    <sources>
      <source name="System.Transactions">
        <listeners>
          <add name="System.Transactions"/>
        </listeners>
      </source>
    </sources>
    <sharedListeners>
      <add name="System.Transactions" type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener" initializeData="mylog.xml"/>
    </sharedListeners>
    <trace autoflush="true"/>
  </system.diagnostics>
</configuration>