两台MySQL数据库服务器Master和slave，Master为主服务器，slave为从服务器，初始状态时，Master和slave中的数据信息相同，当Master中的数据发生变化时，slave也跟着发生相应的变化，使得master和slave的数据信息同步，达到备份的目的。
要点：
负责在主、从服务器传输各种修改动作的媒介是主服务器的二进制变更日志，这个日志记载着需要传输给从服务器的各种修改动作。因此，主服务器必须激活二进制日志功能。从服务器必须具备足以让它连接主服务器并请求主服务器把二进制变更日志传输给它的权限。
实验环境：
master:192.168.127.120 ---主
slave:192.168.127.121 ---备
【master192.168.127.120 配置】
my.cnf{
symbolic-links=0
server-id=1
slave-skip-errors = all
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 2
default-storage-engine = INNODB
event_scheduler = ON
skip-external-locking
local_infile=0
master-host=192.168.127.121
master-user =slave
master-password=radiusslave
master-port=3306
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 7
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 256M
lower_case_table_names=1
skip-name-resolve
}
【master192.168.127.121 配置】
my.cnf{
symbolic-links=0
#### add
server-id=2
slave-skip-errors = all
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 2
default-storage-engine = INNODB
event_scheduler = ON
skip-external-locking
local_infile=0
#master-host=192.168.127.120
#master-user =slave
#master-password=radiusslave
#master-port=3306
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 7
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 256M
lower_case_table_names=1
skip-name-resolve
}
【master192.168.127.120 配置】
mysql> CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave123';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "slave123";
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY "slave123";
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql>quit
mysql>show grants for 'slave'@'%';
-----查询master 库中存在的 二进制日志文件号. 数据同步使用该日志文件来实现。
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 106 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binary logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 106 |
+------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
【slave:192.168.127.121】配置主
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.127.120',master_user='slave',master_password='slave123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=106;
5.6版本：master_port=38306
show slave status\G; 查看配置结果
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.127.120
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 10
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: mysql
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_Space: 407
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 此2项显示则配置成功
【slave 192.168.127.121 配置】
mysql> CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave123';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "slave123"
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY "slave123"
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql>quit
mysql>show grants for 'slave'@'%';
-----查询master 库中存在的 二进制日志文件号. 数据同步使用该日志文件来实现。
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 106 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binary logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 125 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 125 |
| mysql-bin.000003 | 125 |
| mysql-bin.000004 | 125 |
| mysql-bin.000005 | 106 |
+------------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
【master :192.168.127.121】配置主
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.15.92',master_user='slave',master_password='slave123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000009',master_log_pos=120;
5.6版本:master_port=38306
show slave status\G; 查看配置结果
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.127.121
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_Space: 407
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 此2项显示则配置成功
mysql> reset slave;
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> start slave;
刷新日志file的位置会+1
flush logs;
在主数据库中创建nodb库，workers_info表进行测试
CREATE DATABASE nodb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
workers_info
class_info
CREATE TABLE `class_info` (
id int(11),
workername varchar(20) NOT NULL,
salary int(11),
email varchar(30),
department varchar(30)
);
insert into class_info values(1,'jeck333','20','123@163.com','dep');
查看slave数据库，在master库中创建库，建表，插入数据，都能被同步到slave中
