关于nginx，在不同的环境下有不同的配置，比如nginx在LNMP环境中有lamp 环境的配置，从到反向代理时，有反向代理的配置，在做负载均衡时，有负载均衡的配置，下面我们来介绍一下关于nginx不同应用环境的配置样例
通常在配置nginx时，我习惯将nginx配置分为nginx分为两大部分:1.共用nginx配置；2.include引用的web配置，如下所示
* 共用nginx配置模板参考
#user nobody;
user nginx ;
worker_processes auto;
#worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
include mime.types;
include /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
# {nginx global setting}
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 1M;
# client_body_timeout 15;
# client_header_timeout 15;
# send_timeout 15;
large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;
client_max_body_size 2000m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
reset_timedout_connection on;
# {fastcgi setting}
fastcgi_cache_path /var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgi_cache:10m
inactive=5m max_size=10g;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 90;
fastcgi_send_timeout 60;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_cache fastcgi_cache; #表示开启缓存功能，并指定使用哪个缓存；
# fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/ngx_fastcgi_tmp #此项配置通过不用到，可以不需要；如需要配置，
路径需要要与fastcgi_path保持在同一级目录；
# {file setting}
open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
open_file_cache_valid 30s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
# open_file_cache_errors on;
# {gzip setting}
gzip on;
# gzip_disable "msie6";
gzip_vary on;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml
application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
# {proxy setting}
proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 200;
proxy_read_timeout 200;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_cache_path /usr/local/proxy_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=proxy_cache:10m
inactive=15d max_size=20g;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/proxy_temp; #此项配置通过不用到，可以不需要；如需要配置，
路径需要要与fastcgi_path保持在同一级目录；
#access_log logs/access.log main;
# sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
# keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
# server {
# listen 80;
# server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
# error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location = /50x.html {
# root html;
# }
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
# }
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}* include 引用的web配置模板参考样例
1.1 当nginx应用在LNMP环境时以支持对PHP的支持，可参考以下web配置模板样例
vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen 80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root /usr/local/www;
index index.php index.html ;
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
#[fastcgi_cache setting ]
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;
fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502
http_503 http_504;
fastcgi_cache_key "$request_method://$host$request_uri";
}
}1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve，可参考以下web配置模板样例
vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen 80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root /usr/local/www;
index index.php index.html ;
# {nginx proxy configure}
location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.100.10 # //这里填写后端web server 访问地址
（本文档中后端web server应用访问URL信息为:http://192.168.100.10）
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503
http_504;
}
}1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve+proxy_cache时，可参考以下web配置模板样例
vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen 80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root /usr/local/www;
index index.php index.html ;
# {nginx proxy configure}
location / {
proxy_pass http://192.168.100.10
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503
http_504;
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
proxy_cache_min_uses 1;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
}
}到这里，整个nginx基础介绍就到此结束，以上模板可以根据实际情况来参考，选择出需要的部分来配置即可
