文章目录
地址
1）Hive官网地址
2）文档查看地址
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/GettingStarted
3）下载地址
http://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/
4）github地址
MySql安装
在CDP中建议推荐使用MariaDB 作为hive的元数据库
1）卸载自带的Mysql-libs（如果之前安装过mysql，要全都卸载掉）
rpm -qa | grep -i -E mysql\|mariadb | xargs -n1 sudo rpm -e --nodeps
2）将安装包和JDBC驱动上传到/opt/software，共计6个
01_mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
02_mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
03_mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
04_mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
05_mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.jar
安装mysql依赖
rpm -ivh 01_mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh 02_mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh 03_mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
安装mysql-client mysql-server
rpm -ivh 04_mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh 05_mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
启动mysql
systemctl start mysqld
查看mysql密码
[root@c701 software]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2021-02-08T21:54:05.663494Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Cw3duaa7lq;Q
1）用刚刚查到的密码进入mysql
2）设置复杂密码(由于mysql密码策略，此密码必须足够复杂)
更改mysql密码策略
mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set password=password("123456");
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host="%" where user="root";
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit;
上传hive的jar包并解压，然后修改其环境变量
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/module/hive-3.1.2
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
解决日志Jar包冲突
mv $HIVE_HOME/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar $HIVE_HOME/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.bak
Hive元数据配置到MySql
cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.jar $HIVE_HOME/lib
配置Metastore到MySql
在$HIVE_HOME/conf目录下新建hive-site.xml文件
vim $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://c701:3306/metastore?useSSL=false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>123456</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
<value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
<value>thrift://c701:9083</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
<value>10000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
<value>c701</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>
安装Tez引擎，Tez是一个Hive的运行引擎，性能优于MR。为什么优于MR呢？看下图。
用Hive直接编写MR程序，假设有四个有依赖关系的MR作业，上图中，绿色是Reduce Task，云状表示写屏蔽，需要将中间结果持久化写到HDFS。Tez可以将多个有依赖的作业转换为一个作业，这样只需写一次HDFS，且中间节点较少，从而大大提升作业的计算性能。
将tez安装包拷贝到集群，并解压tar包
tar -zxvf tez-0.10.1-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz -C ../module/tez/
上传tez依赖到HDFS
hadoop fs -mkdir /tez
hadoop fs -put /opt/software/tez-0.10.1-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz /tez
新建tez-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>tez.lib.uris</name>
<value>${fs.defaultFS}/tez/tez-0.10.1-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.use.cluster.hadoop-libs</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.resource.memory.mb</name>
<value>1024</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.resource.cpu.vcores</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.container.max.java.heap.fraction</name>
<value>0.4</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.resource.memory.mb</name>
<value>1024</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.resource.cpu.vcores</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
修改Hadoop环境变量
vim $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/shellprofile.d/tez.sh
添加Tez的Jar包相关信息
hadoop_add_profile tez
function _tez_hadoop_classpath
{
hadoop_add_classpath "$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop" after
hadoop_add_classpath "/opt/module/tez/*" after
hadoop_add_classpath "/opt/module/tez/lib/*" after
}
修改Hive的计算引擎
vim $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml
<property>
<name>hive.execution.engine</name>
<value>tez</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.tez.container.size</name>
<value>1024</value>
</property>
解决日志Jar包冲突
rm /opt/module/tez/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar
初始化元数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456
新建Hive元数据库
mysql> create database metastore;
mysql> exit;
初始化Hive元数据库
schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql -verbose
编写hive服务启动脚本
vim $HIVE_HOME/bin/
#!/bin/bash
HIVE_LOG_DIR=$HIVE_HOME/logs
mkdir -p $HIVE_LOG_DIR
#检查进程是否运行正常，参数1为进程名，参数2为进程端口
function check_process()
{
pid=$(ps -ef 2>/dev/null | grep -v grep | grep -i $1 | awk '{print $2}')
ppid=$(netstat -nltp 2>/dev/null | grep $2 | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d '/' -f 1)
echo $pid
[[ "$pid" =~ "$ppid" ]] && [ "$ppid" ] && return 0 || return 1
}
function hive_start()
{
metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083)
cmd="nohup hive --service metastore >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/metastore.log 2>&1 &"
cmd=$cmd" sleep 4; hdfs dfsadmin -safemode wait >/dev/null 2>&1"
[ -z "$metapid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "Metastroe服务已启动"
server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000)
cmd="nohup hive --service hiveserver2 >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/hiveServer2.log 2>&1 &"
[ -z "$server2pid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "HiveServer2服务已启动"
}
function hive_stop()
{
metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083)
[ "$metapid" ] && kill $metapid || echo "Metastore服务未启动"
server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000)
[ "$server2pid" ] && kill $server2pid || echo "HiveServer2服务未启动"
}
case $1 in
"start")
hive_start
;;
"stop")
hive_stop
;;
"restart")
hive_stop
sleep 2
hive_start
;;
"status")
check_process HiveMetastore 9083 >/dev/null && echo "Metastore服务运行正常" || echo "Metastore服务运行异常"
check_process HiveServer2 10000 >/dev/null && echo "HiveServer2服务运行正常" || echo "HiveServer2服务运行异常"
;;
*)
echo Invalid Args!
echo 'Usage: '$(basename $0)' start|stop|restart|status'
;;
esac
添加执行权限
chmod +x $HIVE_HOME/bin/
启动Hive后台服务
start
启动beeline客户端
beeline -u jdbc:hive2://c701:10000 -n hive
Hive运行日志信息配置
1）Hive的log默认存放在/tmp/root/hive.log目录下（当前用户名下），修改hive的log存放日志到/opt/module/hive/logs
mv hive-log4j2.properties.template hive-log4j2.properties
在hive-log4j.properties文件中修改log存放位置
property.hive.log.dir = /opt/module/hive-3.1.2/conf
报错
初始化Hive元数据库报错
[root@c701 tez]# schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql -verbose
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument(ZLjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;)V
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.set(Configuration.java:1357)
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.set(Configuration.java:1338)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.setJar(JobConf.java:518)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.setJarByClass(JobConf.java:536)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.<init>(JobConf.java:430)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.initialize(HiveConf.java:5141)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.<init>(HiveConf.java:5104)
at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.<init>(HiveSchemaTool.java:96)
at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.main(HiveSchemaTool.java:1473)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:318)
hadoop和hive的两个guava.jar版本不一致
两个位置分别位于下面两个目录：
/opt/module/hive-3.1.2/lib/guava-19.0.jar
/opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar
将hadoop的guava包拷贝到hive里，去除hive里的包
