1 问题描述
在最大流有多组解时,给每条边在附上一个单位费用的量,问在满足最大流时的最小费用是多少?
2 解决方案
下面代码所使用的测试数据如下图:
package com.liuzhen.practice;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static int MAX = 1000;
public static int n; //图中顶点数目
public static boolean[] used = new boolean[MAX]; //判断顶点是否在队列中
public static int[] pre = new int[MAX]; //记录最短增广路径中相应节点的前节点
public static int[] distance = new int[MAX]; //记录源点到图中其他所有顶点的最短距离
public static int[] capacity = new int[MAX]; //用于记录遍历图每一次得到增广路径的流量
public static ArrayList<edge>[] map; //图的邻接表
//表示图中边信息内部类
static class edge {
public int from; //边的起点
public int to; //边的终点
public int cap; //边的容量
public int cost; //边的费用
public edge(int from, int to, int cap, int cost) {
this.from = from;
this.to = to;
this.cap = cap;
this.cost = cost;
}
}
//输入给定图数据
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void init() {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
n = in.nextInt();
int k = in.nextInt(); //给定图的边数目
map = new ArrayList[n];
for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)
map[i] = new ArrayList<edge>();
for(int i = 0;i < k;i++) {
int from = in.nextInt();
int to = in.nextInt();
int cap = in.nextInt();
int cost = in.nextInt();
map[from].add(new edge(from, to, cap, cost)); //正向边
map[to].add(new edge(to, from, 0, -cost)); //反向边
}
}
//寻找顶点start到顶点end的最短路径(PS:即费用最少的一条增广路径)
public boolean spfa(int start, int end) {
int[] count = new int[n];
for(int i = 0;i < n;i++) {
used[i] = false;
pre[i] = -1;
distance[i] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
capacity[i] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
used[start] = true;
pre[start] = start;
distance[start] = 0;
count[start]++;
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
list.add(start);
while(!list.isEmpty()) {
int index = list.get(0);
list.remove(0);
used[index] = false;
for(int i = 0;i < map[index].size();i++) {
edge temp = map[index].get(i);
if(temp.cap > 0 && distance[temp.to] > distance[index] + temp.cost) {
//记录顶点start到图中其它顶点之间的最短费用距离
distance[temp.to] = distance[index] + temp.cost;
pre[temp.to] = index;
//记录增广路径能够流通的最大流量
capacity[temp.to] = Math.min(capacity[index], temp.cap);
if(!used[temp.to]) {
used[temp.to] = true;
list.add(temp.to);
count[temp.to]++;
if(count[temp.to] > n) //用于判断图中是否有负环
return false;
}
}
}
}
if(distance[end] != Integer.MAX_VALUE && pre[end] != -1)
return true;
return false;
}
public int getResult() {
init(); //输入给定图数据
int minCost = 0;
int start = 0; //把源点设置为顶点0
int end = n - 1; //把汇点设置为顶点n - 1
while(true) {
if(spfa(start, end) == false)
break;
System.out.println("增广路径增量:"+capacity[end]+", 费用流:"+distance[end]);
minCost += distance[end] * capacity[end];
int last = end;
int begin = end;
System.out.print("汇点出发");
while(begin != start) {
last = begin;
begin = pre[last];
int i = 0, j = 0;
System.out.print("——>"+last);
for(;i < map[begin].size();i++) {
if(map[begin].get(i).to == last)
break;
}
map[begin].get(i).cap -= capacity[end]; //正向边剩余流量减少
for(;j < map[last].size();j++) {
if(map[last].get(j).to == begin)
break;
}
map[last].get(j).cap += capacity[end]; //反向边剩余流量增加
}
System.out.println("——>"+begin);
}
return minCost;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Main test = new Main();
int result = test.getResult();
System.out.println(result);
}
}
运行结果:
7
1 2 1
3 3 2
2 5 5
4 3 4
5 2 10
2 1 3
5 4 7
增广路径增量:2, 费用流:12
汇点出发——>5——>4——>1——>0
增广路径增量:1, 费用流:15
汇点出发——>5——>2——>3——>0