MYSQL定期备份是一项重要的工作,但人工操作太繁琐,也难避免有所疏漏,本文主要讲述利用crontab定时备份mysql至本机,以及利用rsync同步数据到异机,从而达到异机定时备份。
mysql定时备份篇
1、创建备份文件夹
#mkdir -p /u01/bak/mysqldata
2、编写运行脚本
#vim /usr/sbin/bakmysql.sh
代码:
#!/bin/bash
# Name:bakmysql.sh
# This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup and Delete old Backup
#
backupdir=/u01/bak/mysqldata
time=` date +%Y%m%d%H `
/usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword dataname > $backupdir/name1$time.sql
/usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword dataname > $backupdir/name2$time.sql
/usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword dataname > $backupdir/name3$time.sql
#
find $backupdir -name "*.sql" -type f -mtime +5 -exec rm {} \; > /dev/null 2>&1
注:删除5天前备份文件
3、为脚本添加执行权限
# chmod +x /usr/sbin/bakmysql.sh
4、修改/etc/crontab
58 23 * * * root /usr/sbin/bakmysql.sh
注:每晚23:58执行一次自动备份
5、重启crontab
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart
6、恢复数据备份文件
#mysql -u root -p dataname < name2008010103.sql
异机同步篇(使用rsync算法)
1、配置hosts(主机、备机)
#vim /etc/hosts
IP1 hostname1
IP2 hostname2
2、安装rsync(主机、备机)
#yum install rsync
3、 配置rsync服务器
#vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
uid = root
gid = root
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
use chroot = no
read only = no
port = 873
log file=/var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file=/var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file=/var/run/rsyncd.lock
[test]
path=/u01/bak/mysqldata
comment=backup test
ignore errors
hosts allow=IP2
auth user=test
secrets file=/root/rsync.passwd
#vim /root/rsync.passwd
test 123456
#chown root:root /root/rsync.passwd
#chmod 600 /root/rsync.passwd
4、 配置rsync客户端
#vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
uid = root
gid = root
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
use chroot = no
read only = no
port = 873
log file=/var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file=/var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file=/var/run/rsyncd.lock
[test]
path=/home
comment=backup test
ignore errors
hosts allow=IP1
auth user=test
secrets file=/root/rsync.passwd
#vim /root/rsync.passwd
123456
#chown root:root/root/rsync.passwd
#chmod 600 /root/rsync.passwd
5、启动rsync服务(主机、备机)
#/usr/bin/rsync --daemon
#netstat -an | grep 873
注:开机启动如下
#vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/bin/rsync --daemon
6、编写定时同步脚本
#vim /etc/rsync.sh
代码:
#!/bin/bash
#Name:rsync.sh
#This is a ShellScript For Data synchronization
rsync -vrtopg --progress --delete root@IP1::test/ /home --password-file=/root/rsync.passwd
7、设置定时执行
#chmod +x /etc/rsync.sh
#vim /etc/crontab
58 23 * * * root /etc/rsync.sh
8、重启crontab
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart
至此mysql异机定时备份完成,建议一周内须查看备份效果,以及测试mysql备份可用性。
扩展阅读(网络参考资料,以下资料归属网络作者,请注重“版权”):
http://www.howtocn.org/rsync:use_rsync_server 使用 rsync 服务
http://colderboy.blog.51cto.com/485582/132054/ rsync参数详解、利用ssh、rsync 实现数据的定时同步