nagios监控linux主机和主机上的web服务

原创

BattleCheng 2010-09-04 10:12:16 ©著作权

文章标签 linux 职场 nagios 休闲 nagios监控linux主机和web服 文章分类 服务器

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需要用的组件

监控服务器:RHEL5(192.168.0.20)+nagios-3.0.5+ nagios-plugins-1.4.11+ nrpe_2.8.1

被监控端RHEL5 (192.168.0.21)+ nagios-plugins-1.4.11+ nrpe_2.8.1

1.NRPE监控插件

NRPE由两部分组成:

check_nrpe插件,运行在监控主机上。

NRPE daemon,运行在远程的linux主机上(通常就是被监控机)

整个的监控过程:

当Nagios需要监控某个远程linux主机时：

1).nagios运行check_nrpe插件,在nagios配置文件定义检查内容.

2).check_nrpe插件会通过SSL连接到远程的NRPE daemon.

3).NRPE daemon会运行相应的nagios插件来执行检查.

4).NRPE daemon将检查的结果返回给check_nrpe插件,插件将其递交给nagios处理.

注意:NRPE daemon需要nagios插件安装在远程被监控linux主机上,否则,daemon不能做任何的监控. 别外因为它们间的通信是加密的SSL,所以在编译安装时都要加上选项, ./configure --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/lib/,否则也会出错.

2.配置监控端

1.安装nagios

rpm -qa |grep gd

rpm -ql gd-devel-2.0.28-5.4E.el4_6.1

cd nagios-3.0.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/include

make all

make install

make install-init

make install-config

make install-commandmode

make install-webconf #可以自动配置httpd.conf

2.安装nagios-plugins

cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround

make

make install

3.安装NRPE

cd nagios-nrpe_2.8.1

./configure #默认自动添加了openssl

#因为传送过程要加密,如果后面make报错,加如下参数

rpm -qa| grep ssl

openssl-devel-0.9.7a-43.17.el4_6.1

rpm -ql openssl-devel-0.9.7a-43.17.el4_6.1 | more

./configure --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/lib/(当然前提要有openssl)

make all

make install-plugin

4.commands.cfg定义外部构件nrpe

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

#添加

#check nrpe

define command{

command_name check_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

}

5.配置要监控的linux主机

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

#中间添加

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/mylinux.cfg

6.新建mylinux.cfg 设置监控内容

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/mylinux.cfg

define host{

use linux-server

host_name mylinux

alias mylinux

address 192.168.0.21(客户端IP既被监控的IP)

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name mylinux

service_description check-swap

check_command check_nrpe!check_swap

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name mylinux

service_description check-load

check_command check_nrpe!check_load

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name mylinux

service_description check-disk

check_command check_nrpe!check_had1

define service{

use generic-service

host_name mylinux

service_description check-users

check_command check_nrpe!check_users

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name mylinux

service_description otal_procs

check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs

}

6.其它设置

chkconfig --add nagios #配置机器启动时自动启动Nagios

chkconfig nagios on

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #检查Nagios配置文件

vi /etc/selinux/config #关闭SELinux

SELINUX=disabled

service iptables stop #关闭SELinux,或打开80,5666端口

service nagios start

3.配置被监控端

1.安装nagios-plugin

useradd nagios

passwd nagios

tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.12.tar.gz

cd nagios-plugins-1.4.12

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround

Make

make install

2.改变主目录权限

chown –R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios

[root@client nagios]# ll

drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jun 1 00:07 libexec

drwxr-xr-x 3 nagios nagios 4096 Jun 1 00:07 share

3.安装客户端的nrpe

tar -zxvf nagios-nrpe_2.8.1.orig.tar.gz

cd nagios-nrpe_2.8.1

./configure (会自动加载SSL)

#如果后面make报错,加如下参数

./configure --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib/(当然前提要有openssl)

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

4.配置nrpe信息

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

allowed_hosts=192.168.0.20,127.0.0.1,192.168.0.99

5.启动nrpe

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d

#或

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d

6.验证nrpe

netstat -an | grep 5666

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1

NRPE v2.8.1

#服务端测试

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H l92.168.0.21

NRPE v2.8.1

#常见错误

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1

CHECK_NRPE: Error - Could not complete SSL handshake.

配置allowed_hosts=192.168.0.20,127.0.0.1,192.168.0.99,然后kill进程再重启就OK了

2./usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1

Connection refused by host

Nrpe进程没有启动

7.配置监控对像

被监控端做监控然后传给监控服务器绘总,设置监控详细参数主要是设置被监控端的nrpe.cfg文件

可以看到里面监控对象

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%

如果nagios服务器想要监控客户机swap分区,但客户机nrpe.cfg文件没有swap监控对像,这时监控服务器就是报错(NRPE command ‘check_swap’no defined).

到此,就可以监控linux客户机的Disk,swap,users,memory了.

1、   解包、配置：tar zxvf httpd-2.2.0.tar.gz ; cd httpd-2.2.0 ; ./configure   –prefix=/usr/local/apache 。
2、   编译安装： make ; make install 。
安装完成后，执行命令 ./usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl –t 检查一下apache是否正确安装。

#setting for nagios
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
    AuthType Basic
    Options ExecCGI
    AllowOverride None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    AuthName "Nagios Access"
    AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
    Require valid-user
</Directory>

Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
    AuthType Basic
    Options None
    AllowOverride None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    AuthName "nagios Access"
    AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
    Require valid-user
</Directory>
更改目录/usr/local/apache 的权限为nagios用户
执行/usr/local/apache/bin/apachl -t 检查语法
然后/usr/local/apache/bin/apachctl start & 把apache启动到后台
注意有的版本自带了自己的apache服务，不要试验 /etc/init.d/httpd start 进行启动会冲突

四。进入到/usr/local/nagios/etc/ 下，目录结构如下

然后进入到 ./nagios 下对nagios 配置文件进行修改

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/commands.cfg //会在 object 的目录下生成相应的配置文档
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/contacts.cfg //

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg // cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/templates.cfg // cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/windows.cfg //取消的注释行，开启监测windows服务器
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios//etc/objects/switch.cfg //取消的注释行，开启对路由和交换机的监测
command_check_interval=-10s //设定服务器掉线的允许时间，默认为1s
enable_notifications=1 //是否发送通知的过滤器

在cgi.cfg中进行修改

authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,zhangbo
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,zhangbo
authorized_for_system_commands=zhangbo //多个用户之间用逗号隔开
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,zhangbo
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,zhangbo
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,zhangbo
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,zhangbo

下面进入到 ./object 的目录下，改目录的结构如下：

再 contacts.cfg 中进行修改：这里主要是联系人的相关设置

define contactgroup{
        contactgroup_name       admins //联系组的相应组名，后面要用到
        alias                   Nagios Administrators   //别名
        members                 zhangbo    //成员，多用户用“，”隔开
        }

define contact{
        contact_name                    zhangbo         //联系人
        alias                           Nagios zhangbo （Admin）   //别名
        email                           zhangbo@邮箱     //联系人的邮箱，通知的邮箱
        }

再timeperiods.cfg 中没有修改： //这里主要是一些关于监测时间，报警时间，间断时间的一些设置，保持默认即可

在 localhost.cfg 下的修改：

define hostgroup{
        hostgroup_name hostadmin     //监视的主机组的名称
        alias           hostadmin   //别名
        members         zhangbo        //成员名，多用户用“，”隔开
         }

define host{
        use                     linux-server //使用的类定义，根据templates.cfg的定义
        host_name               zhangbo             //主机名
        alias                   zhangbo                //别名
        parents                 MainSwitch
        address                 192.168.1.251     //对应的ip地址
        icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif
        statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2
        2d_coords               500,200
        3d_coords               500,200,100
        }

再 templates.cfg 中进行修改：//可以根据自己的需要进行相应类的定义

define contact{
        name                                    generic-contact       //定义的类名
        service_notification_period     24x7
        host_notification_period        24x7
        service_notification_options    w,u,c,r,f,s
events, and scheduled downtime events
        host_notification_options       d,u,r,f,s
ents, and scheduled downtime events
        service_notification_commands   notify-service-by-email
        host_notification_commands      notify-host-by-email
        register                        0

检测：

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
出现下面情况表示成功
Checking misc settings...

Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0

Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check

对于监测是点来说，我这里都是一些windows的机器，因为系统的差异，对windows的监控得需要在各监控点上安装第三方的软件--NSClient++

NSClient++ 客户端在windos上的安装步骤

1，到官方网站上下载最新的稳定的 NSClient++ 软件包或安装程序

2. 将其安装再C盘下

3.再 cmd 的模式下，进入到安装目录，执行：
       NSClient++ /uninstall
    NSClient++ SysTray uninstall

    NSClient++ /install
    NSClient++ SysTray install

4.再安装目录下对配置文件进行修改：

将 [modules]部分的所有模块前面的注释都去掉,除了CheckWMI.dll and RemoteConfiguration.dll这两个
在[Settings]部分设置'password'选项来设置密码,作用是在nagios连接过来时要求提供密码.这一步是可选的,我这里方便起见跳过它,不要密码.
将[Settings]部分'allowed_hosts'选项的注释去掉,并且加上运行nagios的监控主机的IP.我改为如下这样 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1/32,192.168.0.111 以逗号相隔.这个地方是支持子网的,如果写成192.168.0.0/24则表示该子网内的所有机器都可以访问.如果这个地方是空白则表示所有的主机都可以连接上来.注意是[Settings]部分的,因为[NSClient]部分也有这个选项.
必须保证[NSClient]的'port'选项并没有被注释,并且它的值是'12489',这是NSClient的默认监听端口

5.在CMD中执行nsclient++ /start启动服务,注意所在目录是C:\NSClient++

password=secret-password

下面是web的nagios的监控图形界面