cobbler自动安装操作系统

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langy1990 2023-08-18 09:49:50 ©著作权

文章标签 centos 发行版 linux 文章分类 Python 后端开发

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cobbler介绍

快速网络安装linux操作系统的服务,支持众多的Linux发行版: Red Hat, Fedora,CentOS,Debian,Ubuntu和SuSE 也可以支持网络安装windows

PXE的二次封装,将多种安装参数封装到一个菜单

Python编写

提供了CLI和Web的管理形式

cobbler软件包来源于epel源中的软件包

cobbler 服务集成

cobbler可以和以下服务一起集成来对外提供服务但是cobbler不能代替以下服务

PXE

DHCP

rsync

Http

DNS

Kickstart

IPMI 电源管理

cobbler 相关术语

发行版 ( distro )：

表示一个操作系统版本,它承载了内核和 initrd 的信息以及内核参数等其他数据

配置文件(profile):

一个发行版可以提供多个不同的ks文件来进行不同功能的安装

包含一个发行版,一个 kickstart 文件以及可能的存储库,还包含更多特定的内核参数等其他数据

系统:

表示要配置的主机(需要被安装系统的节点)

存储库:

保存一个yum或者rsync存储库的镜像信息

镜像:

可替换为一个包含不属于此类别的文件的发行版对象

网卡IP设置的最简配置格式

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO="static"
IPADDR=192.168.231.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DEVICE="ens33"
ONBOOT="yes"

View Code

cobbler安装配置流程

[root@centosmy7 ~]# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@centosmy7 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@centosmy7 ~]# yum repolist
[root@centosmy7 ~]# yum install dhcp
[root@centosmy7 ~]# yum install cobbler
[root@centosmy7 ~]# rpm -ql cobbler | grep service
[root@centosmy7 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd httpd tftp

安装cobbler服务

[root@centosmy7 tftpboot]# setenforce 0
[root@centosmy7 tftpboot]# cobbler check
 #只是告警信息不是必要修改项
   1 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
   3 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
   4 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
   6 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
[root@centosmy7 tftpboot]# vi /etc/cobbler/settings
       384 server: 127.0.0.1
       272 next_server: 192.168.231.8
       101 default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."
       242 manage_dhcp: 1
[root@centosmy7 ~]# openssl passwd -1  #数字1代表md5加密类型      
[root@centosmy7 ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2018-05-27_190425_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Sun May 27 19:04:25 2018)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
[root@centosmy7 ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2018-05-27_190536_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sun May 27 19:05:36 2018)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
[root@centosmy7 cobbler]# pwd
/etc/cobbler
[root@centosmy7 cobbler]# vi dhcp.template
    subnet 192.168.231.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 

[root@centosmy7 cobbler]#systemctl restart cobblerd

配置cobbler

#准备yum源
[root@centosmy7 ~]# mkdir /mnt/centos7
[root@centosmy7 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/centos7
#把光盘文件拷贝到/var/www/cobbler目录下
[root@centosmy7 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/centos7 --name=yxhcentos7 --arch=x86_64
#导入系统后cobbler默认会自动生成一个最小化安装的ks文件
#自动生成cobbler启动系统选择菜单
[root@centosmy7 ~]# cobbler distro list
   yxhcentos7-x86_64
#上传自己的ks文件,然后通过ks和distro关联生成一个新的cobbler启动菜单(profile)
[root@centosmy7 www]# cp ks7_mini.cfg /var/lib/kickstarts/
[root@centosmy7 pxelinux.cfg]# cobbler profile add --name=yxhcentos7_x86 --distro=yxhcentos7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks7_mini.cfg
#自动修改default启动菜单配置文件

导入安装系统源

cobbler的web管理

[root@centosmy7 www]# yum install cobbler-web
[root@centosmy7 www]# systemctl restart httpd
https://192.168.231.8/cobbler_web/
#创建cobbler_web管理员账号
[root@centosmy7 www]# vi /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 
 authn_configfile -- use /etc/cobbler/users.digest (for basic setups)
[root@centosmy7 www]# vi /etc/cobbler/users.digest
[root@centosmy7 kickstarts]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler test1
Adding password for test1 in realm Cobbler.
New password: 
Re-type new password: 

[root@centosmy7 www]# 使用第二种pam登录验证
 [authentication]
module = authn_pam
[root@centosmy7 ~]# useradd test2
[root@centosmy7 ~]# echo root | passwd --stdin test2
[root@centosmy7 ~]# vi /etc/cobbler/users.conf
[admins]
   admin = "test2"
   cobbler = ""
[root@centosmy7 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

cobbler的web配置