本文介绍基础的Linux Shell命令和案例：
cd / : entry root directory
-----------------------
tangym@ubuntu:/etc$ cd / tangym@ubuntu:/$ pwd
cd ~ : entry user root directory
----------------------
tangym@ubuntu:/$ cd ~ tangym@ubuntu:~$ pwd /home/tangym
ls : list all files.
pwd : show current directory
cd /home : entry home directory
cd .. : entry the last parent directory
cat fstab: show the text file content.
cat fs， then press <Tab>. Shell will fill the whole file name automtically.
ls m* : list all the file name starts with: m
ls magi? : list all the file name starts with : magi and following one character.
Like: magic
ls m*[od] : list all starts with : m, end with: o or d.
ls -l : show all file's properties:
-------------------------
tangym@ubuntu:~$ ls -l total 204112 drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Documents drwxr-xr-x 3 tangym tangym 4096 May 14 08:53 Downloads -rw-r--r-- 1 tangym tangym 8445 May 29 2015 examples.desktop -rw-rw-r-- 1 tangym tangym 10240 Jan 20 2011 ez_setup.py drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Public
dir : show all files
vdir: show all files and its properties
cat -n .bashrc: show file content with rowcount
---------------------------
tangym@ubuntu:~$ cat -n .bashrc 1 # ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells. 2 # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc) 3 # for examples 4
more .bashrc : show file content in separate page.
----------------
tangym@ubuntu:~$ more .bashrc # ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells. # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc) # for examples
head -n 5 .bashrc : show first 5 row content
tail -n 5 .bashrc : show last 5 row content.
grep PS1 .bashrc : find all row content with: PS1
------------------------
tangym@ubuntu:~$ grep PS1 .bashrc
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chrofind ./ -name *bash* : Find file name with: bash in current directory.
-----------------------------
tangym@ubuntu:~$ find ./ -name *bash* ./.bash_history ./.bashrc ./.bash_logout ./redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile ./Downloads/redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile
tangym@ubuntu:~$ locate bash // similar to find . find file/directory with :back tangym@ubuntu:~$ sudo updatedb //force update local db for Locate command tangym@ubuntu:~$ firefox www.baidu.com : open firefox webbrowser
whereis find : get command's notebook
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis find : get notebook find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find /usr/share/man/man1/find.1.gz tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis -b find ---------------get executable program find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find
which ls: find where is ls command
tangym@ubuntu:~$ which ls /bin/ls
who
whoami
uname
uname -a
uname -r : kernel version
tangym@ubuntu:~$ who tangym tty7 2016-05-23 23:50 tangym pts/1 2016-05-23 23:50 (:0) tangym pts/2 2016-05-23 23:58 (:0) tangym pts/3 2016-05-23 23:59 (:0) tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0) tangym@ubuntu:~$ who am i tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0) tangym@ubuntu:~$ whoami tangym tangym@ubuntu:~$ uname Linux tangym@ubuntu:~$ uname -a Linux ubuntu 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 27 17:03:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
man find : get the find command decription
tangym@ubuntu:~$ man find
whatis ls: get the command common usage.
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whatis ls ls (1) - list directory contents
