记录_centos搭建ftp服务器

搭建ftp传输文件

• 安装vsftpd

• 查看vsftpd服务的状态
• 激活vsftpd服务
• 设置开机自启
• 配置文件(.conf)
• 默认文件目录
• 建立用户文件
• 生成用户数据
• 修改/etc/pam.d/vsftpd文件
• 创建用户及用户目录
• 用户配置文件
• 防火墙配置（添加ftp）
• 重启vsftpd
• 通过ftp访问文件

安装vsftpd

$ yum install -y vsftpd

查看vsftpd服务的状态

$ systemctl status vsftpd.service

激活vsftpd服务

$ systemctl start vsftpd.service

启动成功后查看状态，出现active

设置开机自启

开机自启

$ systemctl enable vsftpd.service

配置文件(.conf)

复制原配置文件出来，留一手

查看配置文件（阅读）

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

vi修改源文件

添加

use_localtime=YES
listen_port=21
userlist_enable=YES
use_localtime=YES
listen_port=21
chroot_local_user=YES
idle_session_timeout=300
guest_enable=YES
guest_username=vsftp
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vconf
data_connection_timeout=1
virtual_use_local_privs=YES
pasv_min_port=10060
pasv_max_port=10090
accept_timeout=5
connect_timeout=1

默认文件目录

位于/var/ftp/下

建立用户文件

$ vi /etc/vsftpd/virtusers

添加内容

test
123456
yma16
123456

生成用户数据

查询安装db4

$ yum search db4
$ yum install -y compat-db47.x86_64

生成db文件

db_load -T -t hash -f /etc/vsftpd/virtusers /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db

指定用户读取文件

$ chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db

修改/etc/pam.d/vsftpd文件

备份源文件

$ cp /etc/pam.d/vsftpd /etc/pam.d/vsftpd.bak

修改 /etc/pam.d/vsftpd

$ vim /etc/pam.d/vsftpd

添加

auth sufficient/lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
account sufficient/lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers

创建用户及用户目录

创文件夹共享

$ mkdir -p /home/vsftpd

用户登录设置false
对应配置文件中的

guest_username=vsftp
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vconf

添加用户vsftpd

$ useradd vsftpd -d /home/vsftpd -s /bin/false
$ chown -R vsftpd:vsftpd /home/vsftpd

用户配置文件

对应配置文件中的

user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vconf

根据之前添加的用户文件配置

$ mkdir /etc/vsftpd/vconf
$ cd /etc/vsftpd/vconf
$ touch test yma16

建立用户根目录，编写配置文件

$ mkdir -p /home/vsftpd/test
$ vim test
$ mkdir -p /home/vsftpd/test
$ vim yma16

添加内容，可读写

local_root=/home/vsftpd/test/
write_enable=YES
anon_world_readable_only=NO
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_other_write_enable=YES

防火墙配置（添加ftp）

查看防火墙，若未开启则打开防火墙

$ systemctl status firewalld
$ systemctl start firewalld

出现mask

$ systemctl unmask firewalld

$ firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=ftp
$ firewall-cmd --reload
$ getsebool -a | grep ftp
$ setsebool -P ftpd_full_access on

重启vsftpd

$ systemctl stop vsftpd.service
$ systemctl start vsftpd.service
$ systemctl status vsftpd.service

通过ftp访问文件

在/home/vsftpd/test/共享文件
创建一个ftp_file文件夹

$ mkdir /home/vsftpd/test/ftp_file

访问我的centos的ftp://+ip

需要验证登录

使用test或者yma16账号登录

但是发现所有人都能访问，有点小问题，共享文件夹位置未存在/home/vsftpd/test/ftp_file

问题解决中……