Nginx的反向代理功能配置一个nginx负载均衡服务器,后端有三个服务节点,提供web服务。

搭建环境:
系统redhat系统5.4

(1)搭建前准备:
四台linux主机
DNS:192.168.1.150
web:192.168.1.121
web:192.168.1.125
web:192.168.1.126
nginx:192.168.1.120  用nginx搭建负载均衡

注明:
在这里主要介绍nginx使用,以上几台请参考其它配置文件来做。
再要搭建nginx负载时首先做好域名解析:注明:其他三个web不需要做什么域名解析,
A记录:www.test.com
反向记录:192.168.1.120


一:现在开始安装nginx
(1)安装依赖包:
gcc,openssl-devel,pcre-devl,zlib-devel软件库。
(2)安装Nginx所需的pcre-devel库
tar -zxvf pcre-8.02.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.02
./configure
make
make install
(3)安装Nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
cd nginx-0.7.65
./configure  --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make
make install

检查Nginx配置文件是否正常:
/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
the configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动Nginx服务:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

关闭Nginx服务:
kill xxx pid号

到此Nginx安装完成
(4)配置主配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
error_log  logs/error.log  debug;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers    6   16k;
    gzip_http_version   1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types  text/plain  application/x-javascript    text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary   on;
#    server {
#        listen       80;
#        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        #location / {
        #    root   html;
        #    index  index.html index.htm;
        #}

        error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
#        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
#        location = /50x.html {
#            root   html;
#        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
    #    ssl_ciphers  ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
  http
    {
        upstream www.test.com {
            server  192.168.1.125:80 weight=3 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
            server  192.168.1.126:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
            server  192.168.1.121:80 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
            }

    server
    {
        listen  80;
        server_name www.test.com;
        index   index.htm  index.html;
        #root /web/wwwroot;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
        proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 error timeout invalid_header;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        include proxy.conf;
      }
    log_format  blog_test_com  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
                                '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                                '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
              access_log logs/blog_test_com;
     }
   }


(5)配置proxy.conf文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf
proxy_redirect  off;
proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size   4k;
proxy_buffers 6 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
:wq 保存

注明:到此nginx负载均衡已搭建完成,

测试:http://www.test.com  就看可以访问到