表数据的CRUD
*C(create增加数据) Insert语句
新建Employee表并表中添加一些记录
create table employee(
id int,
name varchar(20),
sex bit,
birthday date,
salary double,
entry_date date,
resume text
);
insert into employee(name,id,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values('张三',1,1,'1983-09-21',15000,'2012-06-24','一个大牛');
insert into employee(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(2,'李四',1,'1984-09-21',10000,'2012-07-24','一个中牛');
insert into employee(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'王五',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小牛');
*U(update更新数据) Update语句
将所有员工薪水都增加500元。
update employee set salary=salary+500;
将王五的员工薪水修改为10000元，resume改为也是一个中牛
update employee set salary=10000,resume='也是一个中牛' where name='王五';
*D(drop删除数据) Delete语句
删除表中姓名为王五的记录。
delete from employee where name='王五';
删除表中所有记录。
delete from employee; --可以有条件，但删除所有记录差了一点
使用truncate删除表中记录。
truncate employee;--无条件 效率高
*R(Retrieve查找数据) Select语句
准备环境：
create table student(
id int,
name varchar(20),
chinese int,
english int,
math int
);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(1,'何东',80,85,90);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(2,'权筝',90,95,95);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(3,'何南',80,96,96);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(4,'叶坦',81,97,85);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(5,'何西',85,84,90);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(6,'丁香',92,85,87);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(7,'何北',75,81,80);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(8,'唐娇',77,80,79);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(9,'任知了',95,85,85);
insert into student(id,name,chinese,english,math) values(10,'王越',94,85,84);
查询表中所有学生的信息。
select * from student;
查询表中所有学生的姓名和对应的英语成绩。
select name,english from student;
过滤表中重复数据。
select english from student;
select DISTINCT english from student;
select DISTINCT english,name from student;
select english+chinese+math from student;
select english+chinese+math as 总分 from student;
select name,english+chinese+math as 总分 from student;
在所有学生英语分数上加10分特长分。
select name,english+10 from student;
统计每个学生的总分。
select english+chinese+math from student;
使用别名表示学生分数
select name,english+chinese+math as 总分 from student;
select name,english+chinese+math 总分 from student;
查询姓名为何东的学生成绩
select * from student where name='何东';
查询英语成绩大于90分的同学
select * from student where english>90;
查询总分大于250分的所有同学
select * from student where english+chinese+math>250;
查询英语分数在 85－95之间的同学。
select * from student where english>=85 and english<=95;
select * from student where english between 85 and 95;
查询数学分数为84,90,91的同学。
select * from student where math=84 or math=90 or math=91;
select * from student where math in(84,90,91);
查询所有姓何的学生成绩。
select * from student where name like '何%';
查询数学分>85，语文分>90的同学。
select * from student where math>85 and chinese>90;
对数学成绩排序后输出。
select * from student order by math;
对总分排序后输出，然后再按从高到低的顺序输出
select * from student order by math+chinese+english desc;
对姓何的学生成绩排序输出
select * from student where name like '何%' order by math+chinese+english desc;
select name, math+chinese+english from student where name like '何%' order by math+chinese+english desc;
统计一个班级共有多少学生？
select count(*) from student;
统计数学成绩大于90的学生有多少个？
select count(*) from student where math>90;
统计总分大于250的人数有多少？
select count(*) from student where math+chinese+english>250;
统计一个班级数学总成绩？
select sum(math) from student;
统计一个班级语文、英语、数学各科的总成绩
select sum(math), sum(chinese), sum(english) from student;
统计一个班级语文、英语、数学的成绩总和
select sum(math+chinese+english)from student;
select sum(math)+sum(chinese)+sum(english) from student;
求一个班级数学平均分？
select avg(math) from student;
求一个班级总分平均分
select avg(math+chinese+english)from student;
select avg(math)+avg(chinese)+avg(english) from student;
求班级最高分和最低分
select max(math+chinese+english),min(math+chinese+english) from student;
查出各个班的总分，最高分
准备环境
给表添加一个字段：alter table student add column class_id int;
更新表：
update student set class_id=1 where id<=5;
update student set class_id=2 where id>5;
select sum(math+chinese+english),max(math+chinese+english) from student group by class_id;
查询出班级总分大于1300分的班级ID
select class_id from student group by class_id having sum(math+chinese+english)>1300;
