老师都有讲课这个方法,一个老师先是在西部偏远山区,是站在教室里木头的黑板前讲课;过了几年表现好,调到了稍微好点的城市里,是坐在教室前用多媒体设备讲课;又过了几年考博士了,毕业后继续当老师,不过现在是躺在家里对着电脑远程授课。都是讲课这个方法,不同的条件下(参数不同)有不同的执行过程和输出结果。这就是重载。
重载的定义是:在同一个类中 ,或者是这个类的子类中,有若干个同名的方法就是重载,不过方法同名但是参数列表必须不同。在子类的情况就是,子类有和父类方法名相同但参数列表不同的方法,而且父类的该名字的方法必须为protected和public型的。
看下面代码:
    学校高考完后,有好几个被北大和清华录取了,于是学校请老师去五星级酒店吃饭。门迎见到顾客光临,要称呼:男士/女士,欢迎光临!

using System;    namespace YYS.CSharpStudy.MainConsole  {      public class YSchool      {          private int id = 0;            private string name = string.Empty;            public int ID          {              get              {                  return this.id;              }          }            public string Name          {              get              {                  return name;              }          }            public YSchool()          {              this.id = 0;                this.name = @"清华大学附中";          }            public  YSchool(int id, string name)          {              this.id = id;                this.name = name;          }            /// <summary>          /// 构造器          /// </summary>          public  YSchool(int id)          {              this.id = id;                this.name = @"陕师大附中";          }      }        public class YTeacher      {          private int id = 0;            private string name = string.Empty;            private YSchool school = null;            private string introDuction = string.Empty;            private string imagePath = string.Empty;            public int ID          {              get              {                  return id;              }          }            public string Name          {              get              {                  return name;              }          }            public YSchool School          {              get              {                  if (school == null)                  {                      school = new YSchool();                  }                  return school;              }                set              {                  school = value;              }          }            public string IntroDuction          {              get              {                  return introDuction;              }                set              {                  introDuction = value;              }          }            public string ImagePath          {              get              {                  return imagePath;              }                set              {                  imagePath = value;              }          }          /// <summary>          /// 构造器          /// </summary>          public YTeacher(int id, string name)          {              this.id = id;                this.name = name;          }            /// <summary>          /// 构造器          /// </summary>          public YTeacher(int id, string name, YSchool school)          {              this.id = id;                this.name = name;                this.school = school;          }            /// <summary>          /// 给学生讲课的方法          /// </summary>          public void ToTeachStudents()          {              Console.WriteLine(string.Format(@"{0} 老师教育同学们: Good Good Study,Day Day Up!", this.name));          }          /// <summary>          /// 惩罚犯错误学生的方法          /// </summary>          /// <param name="punishmentContent"></param>          public void PunishmentStudents(string punishmentContent)          {              Console.WriteLine(string.Format(@"{0} 的{1} 老师让犯错误的学生 {2}。", this.School.Name, this.name, punishmentContent));          }      }        public class MrTeacher : YTeacher      {          public MrTeacher(int id, string name)                : base(id, name)          {            }            /// <summary>          /// 扩展的方法,刮胡子方法。          /// </summary>          public void Shave()          {              Console.WriteLine(string.Format(@"{0} 老师用飞科剃须刀刮胡子。",this.Name));          }      }        public class MisTeacher : YTeacher      {          public MisTeacher(int id, string name)                : base(id, name)          {            }            /// <summary>          /// 扩展方法,护肤的方法          /// </summary>          public void SkinCare()          {              Console.WriteLine(string.Format(@"{0} 老师用香奈儿护肤霜护肤。", this.Name));          }      }        public class FiveStarsHotel      {          /// <summary>          /// 重载          /// </summary>          public void Welcome(MrTeacher mTeacher)          {              Console.WriteLine(@"先生,欢迎光临!");          }          /// <summary>          /// 重载          /// </summary>          public void Welcome(MisTeacher misTeacher)          {              Console.WriteLine(@"女士,欢迎光临!");          }      }  }
using System;    namespace YYS.CSharpStudy.MainConsole  {      class Program      {          static void Main(string[] args)          {              FiveStarsHotel hotel = new FiveStarsHotel();                MrTeacher mrTeacher = new MrTeacher(1, @"牛轰轰");                Console.WriteLine(@"牛轰轰 来了");                hotel.Welcome(mrTeacher);//男老师进门                MisTeacher misTeacher = new MisTeacher(2, @"郝漂靓");                Console.WriteLine(@"郝漂靓 来了");                            hotel.Welcome(misTeacher);//女老师进门                Console.ReadKey();          }      }  }

结果:

 

   看上面的代码中,YTeacher,YSchool中的构造器就是重载的运用。
    重载的好处是可以让逻辑更明确,比如上述代码中,Welcome方法其实也可以写一个方法,然后使用if else或者switch语句来判断,最后输出结果。但是我们完成一个工程不光是为了完成某个功能,还要让代码可读性强,逻辑明确,易于维护,所以就要让代码在逻辑上更接近于现实世界的逻辑。使用重载能让代码更好理解,执行步骤也很直观。
代码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/yysyangyangyangshan/4393502