ospf-cost-FR选路实验
原创
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实验目的：观察R3上traceroute 192.168.1.1 看它是否还是经过R4到达R1。
结果：R3上查看路由表，192.168.1.1的COST值为7，但traceroute的结果却是R3-R2-R1：
1 172.16.255.5 12 msec 8 msec 12 msec
2 172.16.255.1 32 msec * 32 msec
不知道怎么回事～～
注意点：OSPF在帧中继下，如果能ping通对端接口，无法建立起邻居的。
解决方法1：手动指定邻居：neighbor X.X.X.X。方法2：接口下ip ospf network broadcast
R1:
interface
Loopback0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf cost 1
!
interface
Loopback1
bandwidth 8000000
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf cost 1
!
interface Serial1/1
ip address 172.16.255.1 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 10
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface
Serial1/2
ip address 172.16.255.13 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
ip ospf cost 2
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 100
router-id 1.1.1.1
network 1.1.1.1
0.0.0.0 area 0
network
172.16.255.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network
172.16.255.12 0.0.0.3 area 0
network
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
neighbor 4.4.4.4
R1#show ip route
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2
subnets, 2 masks
C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected,
Loopback1
L 1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected,
Loopback1
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 172.16.255.2,
00:42:32, Serial1/1
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/7] via 172.16.255.14,
00:01:09, Serial1/2
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 4.4.4.4 [110/3] via 172.16.255.14,
00:01:09, Serial1/2
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 7
subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.255.0/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
L 172.16.255.1/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
O IA 172.16.255.4/30 [110/6] via 172.16.255.14,
00:01:09, Serial1/2
O IA 172.16.255.8/30 [110/7] via 172.16.255.14,
00:01:09, Serial1/2
C 172.16.255.12/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/2
L 172.16.255.13/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/2
O IA 172.16.255.16/30 [110/4] via
172.16.255.14, 00:01:09, Serial1/2
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2
subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected,
Loopback0
L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected,
Loopback0
R1#show ip ospf
in brief
Interface PID
Area IP
Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Lo1 100
0 1.1.1.1/24 1
LOOP 0/0
Se1/2 100
0 172.16.255.13/30 2
DR 0/0
Se1/1 100
0
172.16.255.1/30 10 P2P
1/1
Lo0 100
1
192.168.1.1/24 1 LOOP
0/0
R1#show
frame-relay map
Serial1/2 (up):
ip 172.16.255.14 dlci 104(0x68,0x1880), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined,
active
R1#show ip ospf
neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri
State Dead Time Address Interface
4.4.4.4 1
FULL/DR 00:01:41 172.16.255.14 Serial1/2
2.2.2.2 0
FULL/ - 00:00:36 172.16.255.2 Serial1/1
R2:
interface
Loopback1
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface
Ethernet0/0
ip address 172.16.255.17 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 2
duplex auto
!
interface
Serial1/0
ip address 172.16.255.2 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 10
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface
Serial1/1
ip address 172.16.255.5 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 2
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 100
router-id
2.2.2.2
network 2.2.2.2
0.0.0.0 area 0
network 172.16.255.0
0.0.0.3 area 0
network
172.16.255.4 0.0.0.3 area 1
network
172.16.255.16 0.0.0.3 area 1
!
R2#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/11] via 172.16.255.1,
00:20:13, Serial1/0
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2
subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected,
Loopback1
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected,
Loopback1
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3.3 [110/3] via 172.16.255.6,
00:19:58, Serial1/1
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 4.4.4.4 [110/3] via 172.16.255.18,
00:19:44, Ethernet0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 8
subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.255.0/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
L 172.16.255.2/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
C 172.16.255.4/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
L 172.16.255.5/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
O 172.16.255.8/30 [110/7] via
172.16.255.18, 00:17:51, Ethernet0/0
[110/7] via
172.16.255.6, 00:18:40, Serial1/1
O 172.16.255.12/30 [110/12] via
172.16.255.1, 00:20:13, Serial1/0
C 172.16.255.16/30 is directly connected,
Ethernet0/0
L 172.16.255.17/32 is directly connected,
Ethernet0/0
192.168.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.1.1 [110/11] via 172.16.255.1,
00:20:13, Serial1/0
R2#show ip ospf
int brief
Interface PID
Area IP
Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Lo1 100
0 2.2.2.2/24 1
LOOP 0/0
Se1/0 100
0
172.16.255.2/30 10 P2P
1/1
Et0/0 100
1
172.16.255.17/30 2 DR
1/1
Se1/1 100
1
172.16.255.5/30 2 P2P
1/1
R2#show ip ospf
neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri
State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 0
FULL/ - 00:00:34 172.16.255.1 Serial1/0
4.4.4.4 1
FULL/DR 00:00:36 172.16.255.18 Ethernet0/0
3.3.3.3 0
FULL/ - 00:00:31 172.16.255.6 Serial1/1
R3:
interface
Loopback1
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface
Serial1/0
ip address 172.16.255.6 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 2
no fair-queue
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface
Serial1/1
ip address 172.16.255.9 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 5
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 100
router-id 3.3.3.3
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 1
network 172.16.255.4 0.0.0.3 area 1
network 172.16.255.8 0.0.0.3 area 1
R3#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 1.1.1.1 [110/7] via 172.16.255.5,
00:03:06, Serial1/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 172.16.255.5,
00:47:57, Serial1/0
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2
subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected,
Loopback1
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback1
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 4.4.4.4 [110/5] via 172.16.255.5,
00:05:48, Serial1/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 7
subnets, 2 masks
O IA 172.16.255.0/30 [110/12] via 172.16.255.5,
00:47:57, Serial1/0
C 172.16.255.4/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
L 172.16.255.6/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
C 172.16.255.8/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
L 172.16.255.9/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/1
O IA 172.16.255.12/30 [110/6] via 172.16.255.5,
00:05:48, Serial1/0
O 172.16.255.16/30 [110/4] via
172.16.255.5, 00:47:57, Serial1/0
192.168.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.1.1 [110/7] via 172.16.255.5,
00:03:06, Serial1/0
R3#show ip ospf
interface brief
Interface PID
Area IP
Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Lo1 100
1 3.3.3.3/24 1
LOOP 0/0
Se1/1 100
1
172.16.255.9/30 5 P2P
1/1
Se1/0 100
1
172.16.255.6/30 2 P2P
1/1
R3#traceroute
192.168.1.1
Type escape
sequence to abort.
Tracing the
route to 192.168.1.1
1 172.16.255.5 12 msec 12 msec 12 msec
2 172.16.255.1 28 msec * 28 msec
R3#show ip ospf
neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri
State Dead Time Address Interface
4.4.4.4 0
FULL/ - 00:00:37 172.16.255.10 Serial1/1
2.2.2.2 0
FULL/ - 00:00:37 172.16.255.5 Serial1/0
R4:
interface
Loopback1
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface
Ethernet0/0
ip address 172.16.255.18 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 2
duplex auto
!
interface
Serial1/0
ip address 172.16.255.10 255.255.255.252
ip ospf cost 5
no fair-queue
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface
Serial1/2
ip address 172.16.255.14 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
ip ospf cost 2
serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 100
router-id
4.4.4.4
network 4.4.4.4
0.0.0.0 area 1
network
172.16.255.8 0.0.0.3 area 1
network
172.16.255.12 0.0.0.3 area 0
network
172.16.255.16 0.0.0.3 area 1
neighbor 1.1.1.1
!
R4#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/3] via 172.16.255.13,
00:11:27, Serial1/2
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/13] via 172.16.255.13,
00:11:27, Serial1/2
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3.3 [110/5] via 172.16.255.17,
00:14:09, Ethernet0/0
4.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2
subnets, 2 masks
C 4.4.4.0/24 is directly connected,
Loopback1
L 4.4.4.4/32 is directly connected,
Loopback1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 8
subnets, 2 masks
O 172.16.255.0/30 [110/12] via
172.16.255.13, 00:11:27, Serial1/2
O 172.16.255.4/30 [110/4] via 172.16.255.17,
00:14:09, Ethernet0/0
C 172.16.255.8/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
L 172.16.255.10/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/0
C 172.16.255.12/30 is directly connected,
Serial1/2
L 172.16.255.14/32 is directly connected,
Serial1/2
C 172.16.255.16/30 is directly connected,
Ethernet0/0
L 172.16.255.18/32 is directly connected,
Ethernet0/0
192.168.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 192.168.1.1 [110/3] via 172.16.255.13,
00:11:27, Serial1/2
R4#show ip ospf
int brief
Interface PID
Area IP
Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Se1/2 100
0
172.16.255.14/30 2 DR
1/1
Lo1 100
1 4.4.4.4/24 1
LOOP 0/0
Et0/0 100
1 172.16.255.18/30 2
DR 1/1
Se1/0 100
1
172.16.255.10/30 5 P2P
1/1
R4#show
frame-relay map
Serial1/2 (up):
ip 172.16.255.13 dlci 401(0x191,0x6410), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined,
active
R4#show ip ospf
neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri
State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 1
FULL/BDR 00:01:59 172.16.255.13 Serial1/2
2.2.2.2 1
FULL/BDR 00:00:32 172.16.255.17 Ethernet0/0
3.3.3.3 0
FULL/ - 00:00:31 172.16.255.9 Serial1/0
R5:
no ip routing
frame-relay
switching
interface
Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation
frame-relay
no ip
route-cache
no fair-queue
serial
restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
frame-relay
lmi-type cisco
frame-relay
intf-type dce
frame-relay
route 104 interface Serial1/3 401
!
interface
Serial1/3
no ip address
encapsulation
frame-relay
no ip
route-cache
serial
restart-delay 0
clock rate 64000
frame-relay
lmi-type cisco
frame-relay
intf-type dce
frame-relay
route 401 interface Serial1/0 104
FR-SW#show
frame-relay route
Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial1/0 104 Serial1/3 401 active
Serial1/3 401 Serial1/0 104 active
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