1、修改.pro文件,添加SQL模块:

QT += sql

2、main.cpp代码如下:

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
//添加头文件
#include <qdebug.h>
#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlError>
#include <QSqlQuery>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);

//建立并打开数据库
QSqlDatabase database;
database = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
database.setDatabaseName("MyDataBase.db");
if (!database.open())
{
qDebug() << "Error: Failed to connect database." << database.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "Succeed to connect database." ;
}

//创建表格
QSqlQuery sql_query;
if(!sql_query.exec("create table student(id int primary key, name text, age int)"))
{
qDebug() << "Error: Fail to create table."<< sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "Table created!";
}

//插入数据
if(!sql_query.exec("INSERT INTO student VALUES(1, \"Wang\", 23)"))
{
qDebug() << sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "inserted Wang!";
}
if(!sql_query.exec("INSERT INTO student VALUES(2, \"Li\", 23)"))
{
qDebug() << sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "inserted Li!";
}

//修改数据
sql_query.exec("update student set name = \"QT\" where id = 1");
if(!sql_query.exec())
{
qDebug() << sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "updated!";
}

//查询数据
sql_query.exec("select * from student");
if(!sql_query.exec())
{
qDebug()<<sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
while(sql_query.next())
{
int id = sql_query.value(0).toInt();
QString name = sql_query.value(1).toString();
int age = sql_query.value(2).toInt();
qDebug()<<QString("id:%1 name:%2 age:%3").arg(id).arg(name).arg(age);
}
}

//删除数据
sql_query.exec("delete from student where id = 1");
if(!sql_query.exec())
{
qDebug()<<sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug()<<"deleted!";
}

//删除表格
sql_query.exec("drop table student");
if(sql_query.exec())
{
qDebug() << sql_query.lastError();
}
else
{
qDebug() << "table cleared";
}

//关闭数据库
database.close();
return a.exec();
}

3、应用程序输出如下:
QT5中使用SQLite_#include
4、创建的 MyDataBase.db 在build的这个文件夹下:
D:\QT\project\build-sl-Desktop_Qt_5_10_1_MinGW_32bit-Debug