文章总目录
Neutron详解与安装
1、组件说明及沟通方式
在这种网络模式下，每个租户都有自己的路由器，而且有多个私有网络，vm可以分别在不同网段下，通过私网连接路由器在连接到浮动IP，最后到外部路由器实现去外部沟通
2、构建实验
1、基础配置
[root@neutron ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname network.nice.com
[root@neutron ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.222.5 controller.nice.com
192.168.222.6 network.nice.com
192.168.222.10 compute1.nice.com
192.168.222.20 block1.nice.com
[root@neutron ~]# yum install -y ntpdate
[root@neutron ~]# ntpdate -u 192.168.222.5
24 Jul 11:02:02 ntpdate[4142]: step time server 192.168.222.5 offset 16395.238622 sec
[root@neutron ~]# systemctl restart crond
[root@neutron ~]# systemctl enable crond
1、配置controller节点
1、创建数据库，完成下列步骤：
a.使用root用户连接mysql数据库
#mysql-u root -p
b.创建neutron数据库
CREATE DATABASE neutron;
c.创建数据库用户neutron，并授予neutron用户对neutron数据库完全控制权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
2、执行admin环境变量脚本
# source admin-openrc.sh
3、在认证服务中创建网络服务的认证信息，完成下列步骤：
a.创建neutron用户
[root@controller ~]# keystone user-create --name neutron --pass NEUTRON_PASS
+----------+----------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+----------+----------------------------------+
| email | |
| enabled | True |
| id | a7e4e7944d2f4223bd724fcc32678cae |
| name | neutron |
| username | neutron |
+----------+----------------------------------+
b.连接neutron用户到serivce租户和admin角色
[root@controller ~]# keystone user-role-add --user neutron --tenant service --role admin
c.创建neutron服务
[root@controller ~]# keystone service-create --name neutron --type network --description "Openstack Networking"
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Openstack Networking |
| enabled | True |
| id | 66e916b7b3264a48b0e4420ecd81423f |
| name | neutron |
| type | network |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
d.创建neutron服务端点
[root@controller ~]# keystone endpoint-create --service-id $(keystone service-list |awk '/network/ {print $2}') --publicurl http://controller.nice.com:9696 --adminurl http://controller.nice.com:9696 --internalurl http://controller.nice.com:9696 --region regionOne
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| adminurl | http://controller.nice.com:9696 |
| id | e9fe74bbedd743458feba34cd64c8ef1 |
| internalurl | http://controller.nice.com:9696 |
| publicurl | http://controller.nice.com:9696 |
| region | regionOne |
| service_id | 66e916b7b3264a48b0e4420ecd81423f |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
安装网络服务组件
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 python-neutronclient which
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[root@controller ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade juno" neutron
INFO [alembic.migration] Context impl MySQLImpl.
INFO [alembic.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
INFO [alembic.migration] Running upgrade None -> havana, havana_initial
...
...
...
完成配置
1、为ML2插件配置文件创建连接文件。
# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
2、初始化数据库
# su-s /bin/sh-c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf--config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade juno" neutron
3、重新启动计算服务
# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service
4、启动网络服务并配置开机自动启动# systemctlenable neutron-server.service# systemctlstart neutron-server.service
5、验证
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
列出加载的扩展模块，确认成功启动neutron-server进程。
[root@controller ~]# neutron ext-list
+-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| alias | name |
+-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| security-group | security-group |
| l3_agent_scheduler | L3 Agent Scheduler |
| ext-gw-mode | Neutron L3 Configurable external gateway mode |
| binding | Port Binding |
| provider | Provider Network |
| agent | agent |
| quotas | Quota management support |
| dhcp_agent_scheduler | DHCP Agent Scheduler |
| l3-ha | HA Router extension |
| multi-provider | Multi Provider Network |
| external-net | Neutron external network |
| router | Neutron L3 Router |
| allowed-address-pairs | Allowed Address Pairs |
| extraroute | Neutron Extra Route |
| extra_dhcp_opt | Neutron Extra DHCP opts |
| dvr | Distributed Virtual Router |
+-----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
2、配置neutron节点
1、编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件，包含下列参数：
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=0
[root@network ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
安装网络组件
# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-openvswitch
编辑/etc/neutron/neutron.conf文件并完成下列操作：
a.编辑[database]小节，注释任何connection选项。因为network节点不能直接连接数据库。
b.编辑[DEFAULT]小节，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend=rabbit
rabbit_host= controller.nice.com
rabbit_password= RABBIT_PASS
c.编辑[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]小节，配置认证服务访问：
[DEFAULT]
...
auth_strategy= keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri= http://controller.nice.com:5000/v2.0
identity_uri= http://controller.nice.com:35357admin_tenant_name= service
admin_user= neutron
admin_password= NEUTRON_PASS
d.编辑[DEFAULT]小节，启用Modular Layer2(ML2)插件,路由服务和重叠IP地址功能：
[DEFAULT]
...
core_plugin= ml2
service_plugins= router
allow_overlapping_ips= True
e.（可选）在[DEFAULT]小节中配置详细日志输出。方便排错。
[DEFAULT]
...
verbose = True
ML2插件使用Open vSwitch(OVS)机制为虚拟机实例提供网络框架。编辑/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini文件并完成下列操作：
a.编辑[ml2]小节，启用flat和generic routing encapsulation (GRE)网络类型驱动，配置GRE租户网络和OVS驱动机制。
[ml2]
...
type_drivers= flat,gre
tenant_network_types= gre
mechanism_drivers= openvswitch
b.编辑[ml2_type_flat]小节，配置外部网络：[ml2_type_flat]
...
flat_networks= external
c.编辑[ml2_type_gre]小节，配置隧道标识范围：
[ml2_type_gre]
...
tunnel_id_ranges= 1:1000
d.编辑[securitygroup]小节，启用安全组，启用ipset并配置OVS防火墙驱动：
[securitygroup]
...
enable_security_group= True
enable_ipset= True
firewall_driver= neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.OVSHybridIptablesFirewallDriver
e.编辑[ovs]小节,配置Open vSwitch(OVS) 代理
[ovs]
...
local_ip= INSTANCE_TUNNELS_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS
tunnel_type= gre
enable_tunneling= True
bridge_mappings= external:br-ex
[root@network ~]# systemctl enable openvswitch.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvswitch.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvswitch.service'
[root@network ~]# systemctl start openvswitch.service
[root@network ~]# ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex
[root@network ~]# ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eno50332184
[root@network ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
[root@network ~]# cp/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service.orig
-bash: cp/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service.orig: No such file or directory
[root@network ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service.orig
[root@network ~]# sed -i 's,plugins/openvswitch/ovs_neutron_plugin.ini,plugin.ini,g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service
[root@network ~]# systemctl enable neutron-openvswitch-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service neutron-ovs-cleanup.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/neutron-openvswitch-agent.service'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-l3-agent.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/neutron-l3-agent.service'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-dhcp-agent.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/neutron-dhcp-agent.service'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-metadata-agent.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/neutron-metadata-agent.service'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/neutron-ovs-cleanup.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/neutron-ovs-cleanup.service'
[root@network ~]# systemctl start neutron-openvswitch-agent.service neutron-l3-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service neutron-metadata-agent.service
3、配置compute节点
4、验证安装
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-create ext-net --shared --router:external True --provider:physical_network external --provider:network_type flat
Created a new network:
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| id | f4314f21-5fc1-423b-b011-e5ad14de1767 |
| name | ext-net |
| provider:network_type | flat |
| provider:physical_network | external |
| provider:segmentation_id | |
| router:external | True |
| shared | True |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tenant_id | dc4de4d7ecda4ed898b5e0d82809d2ad |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
创建外部网络子网
[root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-create ext-net --name ext-subnet --allocation-pool start=100.100.100.12,end=100.100.100.240 --disable-dhcp --gateway 100.100.100.11 100.100.100.0/24
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | {"start": "100.100.100.12", "end": "100.100.100.240"} |
| cidr | 100.100.100.0/24 |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | False |
| gateway_ip | 100.100.100.11 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 1b9c8211-ab2d-4e61-8839-7fc780d201c4 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | ext-subnet |
| network_id | f4314f21-5fc1-423b-b011-e5ad14de1767 |
| tenant_id | dc4de4d7ecda4ed898b5e0d82809d2ad |
+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
创建租户网络
[root@controller ~]# source demo-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-create demo-net
Created a new network:
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| id | c882ea04-dde5-4df0-a407-01a2a8dd7743 |
| name | demo-net |
| router:external | False |
| shared | False |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tenant_id | ab56bdec367e478cbdfbd1769f9c1649 |
+-----------------+--------------------------------------+
测试
[root@controller ~]# neutron router-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+-------+
| id | name | external_gateway_info | distributed | ha |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+-------+
| 5b51cc40-0b8f-45f8-958a-66887d38d6ec | demo-router | {"network_id": "f4314f21-5fc1-423b-b011-e5ad14de1767", "enable_snat": true, "external_fixed_ips": [{"subnet_id": "1b9c8211-ab2d-4e61-8839-7fc780d201c4", "ip_address": "100.100.100.12"}]} | False | False |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+-------+
C:\Users\Jack>ping 100.100.100.12
正在 Ping 100.100.100.12 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 100.100.100.12 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 100.100.100.12 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 100.100.100.12 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 100.100.100.12 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
100.100.100.12 的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 0ms，最长 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms
