RPC failed; curl 56 SSLRead() return error

Symptoms
During a clone or fetch, Git fails with the following error:

git clone ​​http://stash.company.com:7990/scm/proj/repo.git​​​ fatal: early EOF
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
fatal: index-pack failed
error: RPC failed; result=56, HTTP code = 200
Completed with errors, see above.
Diagnosis
Temporarily disable any firewall or anti-virus software and attempt the clone again.

To turn on Git debug logging, before pushing using the command line, proceed like this for different OS:

On Linux
Execute the following in the command line before executing the Git command:

export GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1
export GIT_TRACE=1
export GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1
On Windows

Execute the following in the command line before executing the Git command:

set GIT_TRACE_PACKET=1
set GIT_TRACE=1
set GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=1
Cause
Issue #1:

Error code 56 indicates a curl receive error of CURLE_RECV_ERROR which means there was some issue that prevented the data from being received during the clone process. Typically this is caused by a network setting, firewall, VPN client, or anti-virus that is terminating the connection before all data has been transferred.