最近在使用强化学习的stablebaselines的库，也是让我吃尽苦头，这里分享一下mpi4y的安装过程，直接pip安装会出现安装失败的现象。

.......
  gcc -pthread -B /root/anaconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/root/anaconda3/include/python3.7m -c _configtest.c -o _configtest.o
  _configtest.c:2:10: fatal error: mpi.h: No such file or directory
   #include <mpi.h>
            ^~~~~~~
  compilation terminated.
  failure.
  removing: _configtest.c _configtest.o
  error: Cannot compile MPI programs. Check your configuration!!!
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mpi4py

解决方法

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install libopenmpi-dev
pip install mpi4py==3.0

参考文献

[1].【解决方案】安装mpi4py时报错：error: Cannot compile MPI programs. Check your configuration!!