Dubbo理论简介
Apache Dubbo (incubating) |ˈdʌbəʊ| 是一款高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架,它提供了三大核心能力:面向接口的远程方法调用,智能容错和负载均衡,以及服务自动注册和发现。
官网:
http://dubbo.apache.org/
Dubbo的服务治理:
Dubbo原理图(官方)
Dubbo角色:
Provider:暴露服务的服务提供者
Container:服务运行的容器
Consumer:调用远程服务的消费者
Registry:服务注册和发现的注册中心
Minitor:统计服务调用次数和时间的监控中心
调用过程:
下面根据我的理解说明一下
0:服务器容器负责启动、加载、运行服务提供者
1:服务提供者在启动后就可以向注册中心暴露服务
2:服务消费者在启动后就可以向注册中心订阅想要的服务
3:注册中心向服务消费者返回服务调用列表
4:服务消费者基于软负载均衡算法调用服务提供者的服务,这个服务提供者有可能是一个服务提供者列表,调用那个服务提供者就是根据负载均衡来调用了
5:服务提供者和服务消费者定时将保存在内存中的服务调用次数和服务调用时间推送给监控中心
创建maven多模块项目
duboo_parent
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_parent</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>dubbo_parent</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<modules>
<module>dubbo_provider</module>
<module>dubbo_consumer</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>0.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入zookeeper的依赖,和服务器上的zookeeper版本对应 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
创建子级模块
创建服务端(duboo_proivder)
在启动类上加@EnableDubbo注解
pom文件
(引入父级的坐标)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_parent</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>dubbo_provider</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
编写配置文件(yml格式)
server:
port: 8082
dubbo:
application:
name: dubbo-provider
registry: #注册中心配置,用于配置连接注册中心相关信息
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
protocol: #协议配置,用于配置提供服务的协议信息,协议由提供方指定,消费方被动接受
name: dubbo
port: 20880
scan:
base-packages: com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.service.impl
创建实体(序列化)
package com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* Created by ${方寸山} on 2019/11/1.
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Integer userAge;
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public Integer getUserAge() {
return userAge;
}
public void setUserAge(Integer userAge) {
this.userAge = userAge;
}
public User(Integer userId, String userName, Integer userAge) {
this.userId = userId;
this.userName = userName;
this.userAge = userAge;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
", userAge=" + userAge +
'}';
}
}
编写service层(注意事项:导入duboo的包)
package com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.entity.User;
import com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.service.IProviderService;
/**
* Created by ${方寸山} on 2019/11/1.
*/
@Service
@org.springframework.stereotype.Service
public class ProviderService implements IProviderService {
@Override
public User getUser() {
User uu = new User(1,"bubbo",18);
return uu;
}
}
创建消费端(dubbo_consumer)
在启动类上家@EnableDubbo注解
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_parent</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>dubbo_consumer</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mr</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo_provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
编写配置文件
server:
port: 8083
dubbo:
application:
name: dubbo-consumer
registry: #注册中心配置,用于配置连接注册中心相关信息
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
protocol: #协议配置,用于配置提供服务的协议信息,协议由提供方指定,消费方被动接受
port: 20880
编写controler层
package com.mr.dubbo_consumer.controller;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.entity.User;
import com.mr.dubbo_provider.provider.service.IProviderService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* Created by ${方寸山} on 2019/11/1.
*/
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Reference
private IProviderService providerService;
@RequestMapping("getUser")
@ResponseBody
public User getUser(){
return providerService.getUser();
}
}
启动项目(测试):
请参考上一篇Dubbo安装环境启动服务
启动成功!
测试接口