android调整音量方法有两种,一种是渐进式,即像手动按音量键一样,一步一步增加或减少,另一种是直接设置音量值.
        下面先分析第一种渐进式的:

AudioManager am = (AudioManager) getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
public void adjustStreamVolume (int streamType, int direction, int flags)  
am.adjustStreamVolume (AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, AudioManager.ADJUST_RAISE, AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI);

        解释一下三个参数

第一个streamType是需要调整音量的类型,这里设的是媒体音量,可以是:    

STREAM_ALARM 警报   
STREAM_MUSIC 音乐回放即媒体音量  
 STREAM_NOTIFICATION 窗口顶部状态栏Notification,   
 STREAM_RING 铃声   
 STREAM_SYSTEM 系统   
 STREAM_VOICE_CALL 通话   
 STREAM_DTMF 双音多频,不是很明白什么东西

        第二个direction,是调整的方向,增加或减少,可以是:  

ADJUST_LOWER 降低音量   
 ADJUST_RAISE 升高音量   
 ADJUST_SAME 保持不变,这个主要用于向用户展示当前的音量

        第三个flags是一些附加参数,只介绍两个常用的  

FLAG_PLAY_SOUND 调整音量时播放声音   
 FLAG_SHOW_UI 调整时显示音量条,就是按音量键出现的那个

0 表示什么也没有  

        首先跟进AudioManager的adjustStreamVolume()方法可以看到如下代码:

public void adjustStreamVolume(int streamType, int direction, int flags) {
        IAudioService service = getService();
        try {
            service.adjustStreamVolume(streamType, direction, flags);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Dead object in adjustStreamVolume", e);
        }
    }

        从代码里面可以看到,这里是调用的AudioService里面的adjustStreamVolume()方法,而AudioService的实现文件是:AudioService.java,其方法实现如下:

public void adjustStreamVolume(int streamType, int direction, int flags) {
        ensureValidDirection(direction);      //数据正确性检查
        ensureValidStreamType(streamType); //数据正确性检查
                   。
                   。
                   。
        // If stream is muted, adjust last audible index only
        int index;    //局部变量,保存调整后的音量状态
         //进行实际的音量调整,在mAudioHandler里面进行。
        if (streamState.muteCount() != 0) {
            if (adjustVolume) {
                streamState.adjustLastAudibleIndex(direction);
                // Post a persist volume msg
                sendMsg(mAudioHandler, MSG_PERSIST_VOLUME, streamType,
                        SENDMSG_REPLACE, 0, 1, streamState, PERSIST_DELAY);
            }
            index = streamState.mLastAudibleIndex;
        } else {
            if (adjustVolume && streamState.adjustIndex(direction)) {
                // Post message to set system volume (it in turn will post a message
                // to persist). Do not change volume if stream is muted.
                sendMsg(mAudioHandler, MSG_SET_SYSTEM_VOLUME, STREAM_VOLUME_ALIAS[streamType], SENDMSG_NOOP, 0, 0,
                        streamState, 0);
            }
            index = streamState.mIndex;
        }
        
        // UI    //画UI,即调整音量时出现的那个ProgressBar
        mVolumePanel.postVolumeChanged(streamType, flags);
        // Broadcast Intent    //发送广播,广播音量有改变的系统事件
        sendVolumeUpdate(streamType, oldIndex, index);
    }

        下面先来看看画UI的过程:

        跟进VolumePanel,发现这个类是一个handle,在postVolumeChanged()方法里面有如下代码:

public void postVolumeChanged(int streamType, int flags) {
        if (hasMessages(MSG_VOLUME_CHANGED)) return;
        removeMessages(MSG_FREE_RESOURCES);
        obtainMessage(MSG_VOLUME_CHANGED, streamType, flags).sendToTarget();
    }

        这里利用了android里面的消息机制来传递消息。对android的消息机制有所了解的应该知道,这个sendToTarget()方法实际上最后的Target就是它本身,也就是VolumePanel这个类本身,因此我们去这个Handle的handleMessage()方法里面查找对于MSG_VOLUME_CHANGED这个类型消息的处理:

case MSG_VOLUME_CHANGED: {
                onVolumeChanged(msg.arg1, msg.arg2);
                break;
            }

        可以看到,后续是在onVolumeChanged()这个方法里面处理的,其两个参数分别是streamType和flags,其中streamType是要调整的音量类型,而flags是传过来的UI类型。onVolumeChanged()方法代码如下:

protected void onVolumeChanged(int streamType, int flags) {


        if (LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "onVolumeChanged(streamType: " + streamType + ", flags: " + flags + ")");
         
          //根据flags的不同,来做不同的处理
        if ((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_SHOW_UI) != 0) {  
            onShowVolumeChanged(streamType, flags);//UI显示
        }


        if ((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_PLAY_SOUND) != 0 && ! mRingIsSilent) {
            removeMessages(MSG_PLAY_SOUND);
            sendMessageDelayed(obtainMessage(MSG_PLAY_SOUND, streamType, flags), PLAY_SOUND_DELAY);//播放声音
        }


        if ((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_REMOVE_SOUND_AND_VIBRATE) != 0) {
            removeMessages(MSG_PLAY_SOUND);
            removeMessages(MSG_VIBRATE);
            onStopSounds();//停止播放声音和震动
        }


        removeMessages(MSG_FREE_RESOURCES);
        sendMessageDelayed(obtainMessage(MSG_FREE_RESOURCES), FREE_DELAY);
    }

        通过代码可以知道,根据传进去的flags不同,有不同的处理,下面就看看onShowVolumeChanged()方法的处理,也就是ProgressBar的显示:

protected void onShowVolumeChanged(int streamType, int flags) {
        int index = mAudioService.getStreamVolume(streamType);
        int message = UNKNOWN_VOLUME_TEXT;
        int additionalMessage = 0;
        mRingIsSilent = false;


        if (LOGD) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onShowVolumeChanged(streamType: " + streamType
                    + ", flags: " + flags + "), index: " + index);
        }


        // get max volume for progress bar
        int max = mAudioService.getStreamMaxVolume(streamType);


        switch (streamType) {


            case AudioManager.STREAM_RING: {   //铃声的处理
                setRingerIcon();
                message = RINGTONE_VOLUME_TEXT;
                Uri ringuri = RingtoneManager.getActualDefaultRingtoneUri(
                        mContext, RingtoneManager.TYPE_RINGTONE);
                Uri ringTwoUri = RingtoneManager.getActualDefaultRingtoneUri(mContext, RingtoneManager.TYPE_RINGTONE, 
                		PhoneFactory.RAW_PHONE_ID);
                if ((ringuri == null) && (ringTwoUri == null)) {
                    additionalMessage =
                        //com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_silent_ringtone_selected;
                    	com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_sim1_and_sim2_silent_ringtone_selected;
                    mRingIsSilent = true;
                } else if ((ringuri == null) && (ringTwoUri != null)) {
                	additionalMessage = 
                		com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_silent_sim1_ringtone_selected;
                } else if ((ringuri != null) && (ringTwoUri == null)) {
                	additionalMessage = 
                			com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_sim2_silent_ringtone_selected;
                }
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC: {   //音乐声音的处理
                message = MUSIC_VOLUME_TEXT;
                if (mAudioManager.isBluetoothA2dpOn()) {
                    additionalMessage =
                        com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_playing_through_bluetooth;
                    setLargeIcon(com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_volume_bluetooth_ad2p);
                } else {
                    setSmallIcon(index);
                }
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_FM: {  //FM声音的处理
                message = FM_VOLUME_TEXT;
                setSmallIcon(index);
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_VOICE_CALL: { //通话声音的处理
                /*
                 * For in-call voice call volume, there is no inaudible volume.
                 * Rescale the UI control so the progress bar doesn't go all
                 * the way to zero and don't show the mute icon.
                 */
                index++;
                max++;
                message = INCALL_VOLUME_TEXT;
                setSmallIcon(index);
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM: {   //闹钟声音的处理
                message = ALARM_VOLUME_TEXT;
                setSmallIcon(index);
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_NOTIFICATION: {   //Notification声音的处理
                message = NOTIFICATION_VOLUME_TEXT;
                setSmallIcon(index);
                Uri ringuri = RingtoneManager.getActualDefaultRingtoneUri(
                        mContext, RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
                if (ringuri == null) {
                    additionalMessage =
                        com.android.internal.R.string.volume_music_hint_silent_ringtone_selected;
                    mRingIsSilent = true;
                }
                break;
            }


            case AudioManager.STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO: {  //蓝牙_sco?不知道是什么东西。。
                /*
                 * For in-call voice call volume, there is no inaudible volume.
                 * Rescale the UI control so the progress bar doesn't go all
                 * the way to zero and don't show the mute icon.
                 */
                index++;
                max++;
                message = BLUETOOTH_INCALL_VOLUME_TEXT;
                setLargeIcon(com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_volume_bluetooth_in_call);
                break;
            }
        }


        String messageString = Resources.getSystem().getString(message);   //根据调整的声音不同,显示不同的信息
        if (!mMessage.getText().equals(messageString)) {
            mMessage.setText(messageString);
        }


        if (additionalMessage == 0) {
            mAdditionalMessage.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        } else {
            mAdditionalMessage.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            mAdditionalMessage.setText(Resources.getSystem().getString(additionalMessage));
        }


        if (max != mLevel.getMax()) {
            mLevel.setMax(max);
        }
        mLevel.setProgress(index);  //设置ProgressBar的值


        mToast.setView(mView);
        mToast.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
        mToast.setGravity(Gravity.TOP, 0, 0);
        mToast.show();


        // Do a little vibrate if applicable (only when going into vibrate mode)
        if ((flags & AudioManager.FLAG_VIBRATE) != 0 &&
                mAudioService.isStreamAffectedByRingerMode(streamType) &&
                mAudioService.getRingerMode() == AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_VIBRATE &&
                mAudioService.shouldVibrate(AudioManager.VIBRATE_TYPE_RINGER)) {
            sendMessageDelayed(obtainMessage(MSG_VIBRATE), VIBRATE_DELAY);
        }
    }

        在通话声音的处理中,有个setSmallIcon()函数,可以看到,这个是根据不同情况选择ProgressBar上面显示的图片的。

private void setSmallIcon(int index) {
        mLargeStreamIcon.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        mSmallStreamIcon.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);


        mSmallStreamIcon.setImageResource(index == 0
                ? com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_volume_off_small
                : com.android.internal.R.drawable.ic_volume_small);
    }
View view = mView = inflater.inflate(com.android.internal.R.layout.volume_adjust, null);

        mLevel就是显示的那个ProgressBar,mLevel = (ProgressBar) view.findViewById(com.android.internal.R.id.level);

        从这里我们可以看到,声音调整显示的布局文件是volume_adjust.xml,如果想自己对声音显示的布局进行调整的话,就可以自己手动修改这个布局文件,达到自己想要的效果了。

        到这里就把声音调整的UI显示过程分析完了,下面接着来分析声音调整广播发送sendVolumeUpdate(): 

private void sendVolumeUpdate(int streamType, int oldIndex, int index) {
        oldIndex = (oldIndex + 5) / 10;
        index = (index + 5) / 10;


        Intent intent = new Intent(AudioManager.VOLUME_CHANGED_ACTION);
        intent.putExtra(AudioManager.EXTRA_VOLUME_STREAM_TYPE, streamType);
        intent.putExtra(AudioManager.EXTRA_VOLUME_STREAM_VALUE, index);
        intent.putExtra(AudioManager.EXTRA_PREV_VOLUME_STREAM_VALUE, oldIndex);


        mContext.sendBroadcast(intent);
    }


        可以看到,这里发送了一个广播,而广播的内容是:VOLUME_CHANGED_ACTION,也即"android.media.VOLUME_CHANGED_ACTION";当对音量改变事件有兴趣时,就可以接收这个广播,并做出相应的处理。至此,声音调整的相关流程就分析的差不多了。