httpd重定向跳转和更详细的日志记录

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xiang_acrhe 2018-08-02 18:17:08 博主文章分类：linux服务部署维护 ©著作权

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httpd的页面登录认证 在httpd的虚拟主机配置文件中添加用户认证的密码的相关配置

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd/docs/123.com"
    ServerName 123.com
    ServerAlias www.123.com
   <directory /usr/local/httpd/docs/123.com>
    AllowOverride AuthConfig
    AuthName "Please is passwd ："
    AuthType Basic
    AuthUserFile /usr/local/httpd/conf/htpasswd
    require valid-user
   </Directory>
    ErrorLog "logs/123.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/123.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

directory 指定需要认证的网页根目录，访问此目录下的网页都需要输入认证的账户名和密码 AllowOverride AuthConfig 账户密码认证的生效配置，保持此配置即可 AuthName 账户密码认证输入时提示的信息 AuthType Basic 账户密码认证的类型，常用Basic的类型即可 AuthUserFile /usr/local/httpd/conf/htpasswd 指定账户密码配置文件的目录 require valid-user 指定需要认证的用户为全部可用的用户(配置文件内的用户)

使用httpd下的htpasswd文件来添加用户认证的名称及密码，第一次创建密码认证的文件时，必须要加-c选项，这样才能创建一个保存用户和密码的认证文件，后续新添加用户则不再需要使用-c选项

[root@www extra]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/httpd/conf/htpasswd user
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user user          
[root@www extra]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/htpasswd /usr/local/httpd/conf/htpasswd user1
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user user1
[root@www extra]# cat /usr/local/httpd/conf/htpasswd 
user:$apr1$Xh6mrleA$/PHet3mzd4ZKbk7eLTMfH1
user1:$apr1$zK/oShKB$Q7.pLsBHEsphBA6HnCl0E/

重新加载一下httpd的配置 [root@www extra]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful 访问域名检验用户认证设置的结果

域名跳转

httpd设置域名跳转

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd/docs/abcd.com"
    ServerName abcd.com
    ServerAlias www.abcd.com
    ErrorLog "logs/abcd.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/abcd.com-access_log" common
   <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
    RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
   </IfModule>
</VirtualHost>

IfModule mod_rewrite.c 表示需要mod_rewrite模块支持 RewriteEngine 表示大考rewrite功能 RewriteCond 定义了rewrite跳转的条件 RewriteRule 定义rewrite规则，满足RewriteCond条件时，会执行这里定义的规则

查看httpd是否加载了rewrite模块，若没有rewrite模块(httpd编译时大都会把这个模块安装上)，按照下个步骤加载rewrite

[root@www conf]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl -M |grep rewrite
 rewrite_module (shared)

打开httpd配置文件中的rewrite模块，查找rewrite的模块所在行去掉注释重新加载httpd配置文件即可

[root@www conf]# vim httpd.conf
~
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
[root@www conf]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful

测试域名跳转的访问请求，配置文件里指定了301标识，这里的301也表示为域名跳转的标识

[root@www conf]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 http://www.abcd.com -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Sun, 29 Jul 2018 17:48:31 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.33 (Unix) PHP/5.6.37
Location: http://111.com/
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

httpd日志

httpd日志记录，在主配置文件中查找到LogFormat段的配置，LogFormat这里是让日志以特定形式记录保存，可以在这里自定义日志格式

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

Referer是记录点击页面请求的信息 User-Agebt是记录访问段浏览器类型的信息

在虚拟主机中定义记录更详细的日志

[root@www httpd]# vim conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 
-------------------------省略的配置---------------------------------
    ErrorLog "logs/123.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/123.com-access_log" combined   <---记录模式，更为详细的日志信息
</VirtualHost>

重新加载httpd生效服务的配置 [root@www httpd]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful

对比修改前后记录的日志内容，日志记了客户端访问的浏览器类型，访问页面和操作系统等信息

192.168.1.112 - - [30/Jul/2018:00:56:33 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 401 381
192.168.1.112 - - [30/Jul/2018:00:57:13 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 401 381
192.168.1.112 - - [30/Jul/2018:00:57:13 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 401 381
192.168.1.112 - user [30/Jul/2018:04:39:41 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7
192.168.1.112 - user [30/Jul/2018:04:44:07 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36"
192.168.1.112 - user [30/Jul/2018:04:44:08 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36"
192.168.1.112 - user [30/Jul/2018:04:44:09 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 7 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36"