学习目标
- 掌握云服务器使用的基本方法。
背景介绍
- 当前市场上对程序员的基本需求之一就是能够使用服务器进行开发。在绝大多数公司中,我们都会使用Centos系统(Linux发行版之一)进行开发,因为它是被验证的最稳定的企业级开发服务器。下面我们将学习一些简单的命令,来开启我们Centos学习之旅。
基本操作
- 假设你已经通过运维人员开通了服务器,并获得了root用户权限(在公司中,你可能得不到这么高的权限),需要在终端中输入这些命令。
使用ssh命令登陆服务器:
ssh root@XX.XX.XXX.XX
root@XX.XX.XXX.XX's password:
# 登陆后修改密码:
passwd
更改用户 root 的密码 。
新的 密码:
# 修改后重新登陆即可
- 查看我们当前的硬件配置:
# 查看内存
free -h
# 查看硬盘
df -h
# 查看cpu逻辑核
lscpu
输出效果:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7.4G 265M 3.5G 580K 3.6G 6.8G
Swap: 0B 0B 0B
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.7G 580K 3.7G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 99G 29G 66G 31% /
tmpfs 756M 0 756M 0% /run/user/0
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 2
座: 1
NUMA 节点: 1
厂商 ID: GenuineIntel
CPU 系列: 6
型号: 85
型号名称: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8269CY CPU @ 2.50GHz
步进: 7
CPU MHz: 2500.000
BogoMIPS: 5000.00
超管理器厂商: KVM
虚拟化类型: 完全
L1d 缓存: 32K
L1i 缓存: 32K
L2 缓存: 1024K
L3 缓存: 36608K
NUMA 节点0 CPU: 0-3
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 arat avx512_vnni
- 查看计算环境:
cd /home/ec2-user/
vim README
- 你将看到所有的虚拟环境(我们必须学会使用虚拟环境,这在协作开发中非常重要)
Please use one of the following commands to start the required environment with the framework of your choice:
for MXNet(+Keras2) with Python3 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL-DNN) ____________________________________ source activate mxnet_p36
for MXNet(+Keras2) with Python2 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL-DNN) ____________________________________ source activate mxnet_p27
for MXNet(+AWS Neuron) with Python3 ___________________________________________________ source activate aws_neuron_mxnet_p36
for TensorFlow(+Keras2) with Python3 (CUDA 10.0 and Intel MKL-DNN) __________________________ source activate tensorflow_p36
for TensorFlow(+Keras2) with Python2 (CUDA 10.0 and Intel MKL-DNN) __________________________ source activate tensorflow_p27
for TensorFlow(+AWS Neuron) with Python3 _________________________________________ source activate aws_neuron_tensorflow_p36
for TensorFlow 2(+Keras2) with Python3 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL-DNN) _______________________ source activate tensorflow2_p36
for TensorFlow 2(+Keras2) with Python2 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL-DNN) _______________________ source activate tensorflow2_p27
for TensorFlow 2.3 with Python3.7 (CUDA 10.2 and Intel MKL-DNN) _____________________ source activate tensorflow2_latest_p37
for PyTorch 1.4 with Python3 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL) _________________________________________ source activate pytorch_p36
for PyTorch 1.4 with Python2 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL) _________________________________________ source activate pytorch_p27
for PyTorch 1.6 with Python3 (CUDA 10.1 and Intel MKL) ________________________________ source activate pytorch_latest_p36
for PyTorch (+AWS Neuron) with Python3 ______________________________________________ source activate aws_neuron_pytorch_p36
for Chainer with Python2 (CUDA 10.0 and Intel iDeep) ___________________________________________ source activate chainer_p27
for Chainer with Python3 (CUDA 10.0 and Intel iDeep) ___________________________________________ source activate chainer_p36
for base Python2 (CUDA 10.0) _______________________________________________________________________ source activate python2
for base Python3 (CUDA 10.0) _______________________________________________________________________ source activate python3
- 如果你需要使用python3 + torch新版:
source activate pytorch_latest_p36
- 然后继续可以查看具体的python和pip版本:
python3 -V
# 查看pip版本
pip -V
# 查看重点的科学计算包,tensorflow,pytorch等
pip list
- 输出效果:
Python 3.6.10 :: Anaconda, Inc.
pip 20.0.2 from /home/ec2-user/anaconda3/envs/pytorch_latest_p36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)
- 查看图数据情况:
# 开启图数据库,这里后期我们将重点学习的数据库
neo4j start
# 关闭数据库
neo4j stop
- 输出效果:
Active database: graph.db
Directories in use:
home: /var/lib/neo4j
config: /etc/neo4j
logs: /var/log/neo4j
plugins: /var/lib/neo4j/plugins
import: /var/lib/neo4j/import
data: /var/lib/neo4j/data
certificates: /var/lib/neo4j/certificates
run: /var/run/neo4j
Starting Neo4j.
Started neo4j (pid 17565). It is available at http://0.0.0.0:7474/
There may be a short delay until the server is ready.
See /var/log/neo4j/neo4j.log for current status.
Stopping Neo4j.. stopped
- 运行一个使用Pytorch的程序:
cd /data
python3 pytorch_demo.py
- 输出效果:
Net(
(conv1): Conv2d(1, 6, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1))
(conv2): Conv2d(6, 16, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1))
(fc1): Linear(in_features=576, out_features=120, bias=True)
(fc2): Linear(in_features=120, out_features=84, bias=True)
(fc3): Linear(in_features=84, out_features=10, bias=True)
)