Nextcloud 安装与优化 centos7 php7 nginx MariaDB

原创

yxzwq 2018-11-22 21:14:39 博主文章分类：网络应用 ©著作权

©著作权归作者所有：来自51CTO博客作者yxzwq的原创作品，请联系作者获取转载授权，否则将追究法律责任

Nextcloud 安装与优化（环境： centos7 php7 nginx MariaDB）前期玩了一段时间这个，但当时都是基于宝塔面板的，很多东西都不知道是为了什么，现在根据前期各位大神的作品，从头到尾做了一次。发现对于我们小白来说问题不在于安装，而在于优化，而大神们将优化说的比较少，所以我将自己的过程记录下：一、准备工作： 1、查看系统版本并升级 cat /etc/redhat-release yum update -y 2、将自带的epel、nginx、php全部卸载 rpm -qa|grep php rpm -qa|grep php-common rpm -qa|grep nginx 3、关闭selinux ，关闭防火墙 a、vi /etc/selinux/config，修改SELINUX=disabled b、systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable firewalld.service 一、安装nginx、并进行配置 1、首先要为CentOS添加epel源 yum -y install epel-release yum -y install nginx 2、再添加一个yum源来安装php-fpm rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm 3、安装php7-fpm和一些其它的必要的组件 yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-cli php70w-gd php70w-mcrypt php70w-mysql php70w-pear php70w-xml php70w-mbstring php70w-pdo php70w-json php70w-pecl-apcu php70w-pecl-apcu-devel 4、完成后，检查一下php-fpm是否已正常安装 php -v 5、配置php7-fpm vim /etc/php-fpm.d/×××w.conf user = nginx //将用户和组都改为nginx group = nginx ..... listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 //php-fpm所监听的端口为9000 ...... env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME //去掉下面几行注释，去掉前面的符号 env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin env[TMP] = /tmp env[TMPDIR] = /tmp env[TEMP] = /tmp 6、在/var/lib目录下为session路径创建一个新的文件夹，并将用户名和组设为nginx mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/ 7、启动Nginx和php-fpm服务，并添加开机启动 systemctl start php-fpm systemctl start nginx systemctl enable php-fpm systemctl enable nginx 二、安装并配置MariaDB 1、yum安装MaraiDB服务 yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server 2、启动MariaDB服务并添加开机启动 systemctl start mariadb systemctl enable mariadb 3、接下来设置MariaDB的root密码 [root@nextcloud-server ~]# mysql_secure_installation //按照提示设置密码，首先会询问当前密码，密码默认为空，直接回车即可 Enter current password for root (enter for none): //直接回车 Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: //输入新密码 Re-enter new password: //再次输入新密码 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

4、设置完MariaDB的密码后，使用命令行登录MariaDB，并为Nextcloud创建相应的用户和数据库。例如数据库为nextcloud_db，用户为nextclouduser，密码为nextcloudpasswd： [root@nextcloud-server ~]# mysql -p ...... MariaDB [(none)]> create database nextcloud_db;
MariaDB [(none)]> create user nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextcloudpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextcloudpasswd'; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; MariaDB [(none)]> \q

三、为Nextcloud生成自签名SSL证书 1、cd /etc/nginx mkdir cert cd /etc/nginx/cert/ openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key ..... Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:cn //国家 State or Province Name (full name) []:beijing //省份 Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:beijing //地区名字 Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:kevin //公司名 Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Technology //部门 Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:kevin //CA主机名 Email Address []:kevin@wangshibo.cn

×××和文件夹权限 $ chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/* $ chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert 四、下载并安装Nextcloud yum -y install wget unzip cd /usr/local/src/ wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-14.0.3.zip unzip nextcloud-14.0.3.zip ls mv nextcloud /usr/share/nginx/html/

进入Nginx的root目录，并为Nextcloud创建data目录，将Nextcloud的用户和组修改为nginx

cd /usr/share/nginx/html/ mkdir -p nextcloud/data/ chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/

五、设置Nginx虚拟主机

进入Nginx的虚拟主机配置文件所在目录并创建一个新的虚拟主机配置（记得修改两个server_name为自己的域名） *小白要注意：我的云主机中需要将listen 443改为442，listen80改为81，并在安全组中对这两个端口进行放行。这里困惑了很久，因为服务商关闭了80和443端口，所以，我修改为其他的，同时在云主机—安全组中，要对这两个端口进行放行（你如果备案的话，就不存在修改端口号的问题，只需要在安全组中进行放行） cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ vim nextcloud.conf upstream php-handler { server 127.0.0.1:9000; #server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; }

server { listen 80; server_name xxx.com; # enforce https return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri; }

server { listen 443 ssl; server_name xxx.com;

ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/nextcloud.key;
 
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
 
# Path to the root of your installation
root /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/;
 
location = /robots.txt {
    allow all;
    log_not_found off;
    access_log off;
}
 
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
 
location = /.well-known/carddav {
  return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
  return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
 
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
 
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
 
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
 
location / {
    rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
 
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
    deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
    deny all;
}
 
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
    fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
    #Avoid sending the security headers twice
    fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
    fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
    fastcgi_pass php-handler;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
 
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
    try_files $uri/ =404;
    index index.php;
}
 
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
    try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
    add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
    # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
    # have those duplicated to the ones above)
    # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
    # this topic first.
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;includeSubDomains; preload;";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
    add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
    # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    access_log off;
}
 
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
    try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
    # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
    access_log off;
}

}

接下来测试以下配置文件是否有错误，确保没有问题后重启Nginx服务。 [root@nextcloud-server conf.d]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@nextcloud-server conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx

七、安装Nextcloud 解析上面nginx中配置的域名nextcloud.kevin-inc.com，访问访问http://nextcloud.kevin-inc.com进行Nextcloud界面安装（访问http域名会自动跳转到https，安装提示安装即可！）

重要的地方来了，因为各位大神都是左写一部分，右写一部分，所有我花费了很多时间来配置，下面我将我的一些错误的解决标识出来：一、解决内存缓存问题： 1、安装redis yum install redis -y systemctl start redis systemctl enable redis ps ax | grep redis 2、安装扩展：php-redis

原则：安装和php版本一致的扩展解决办法 a.通过命令查看当前php版本 php -v b.列出所有的可以安装的php软件包列表 yum list | grep php7 c、查看redis包全名并安装 yum install php70w-pecl-redis.x86_64 d.重启php-fpm systemctl restart php-fpm 3、编辑配置文件 cd /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/config/ cp config.php config.php.bak vi config.php 'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis', 'redis' => array( 'host' => 'localhost', 'port' => 6379, ),

systemctl restart nginx systemctl start redis systemctl enable redis 二、解决：The PHP OPcache module is not loaded.问题 1、find / -name “php.ini” 找到php.ini文件 2、备份php.ini cp /etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini.bak 3、下载对应php版本的OPcache a、yum list | grep php7 b、安装 yum install php70w-opcache.x86_64 c、重启php-fpm systemctl restart php-fpm 4、编辑opcache配置文件：位置：/etc/php.d/opcache.ini vi /etc/php.d/opcache.ini opcache.enable=1 opcache.enable_cli=1 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000 opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.save_comments=1 opcache.revalidate_freq=1 三、 centos7 里搭建的nextcloud后无法登录

创建并设置 /var/lib/php/session 目录权限后问题解决。 chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/ 四、内部服务器错误：

cd /usr/share/nginx/html/ chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/ 五、定时任务解决：

centos7中定时任务设置： 1、进入目录： cd /etc/systemd/system/ 2、创建文件 vi nextcloudcron.service

[Unit] Description=Nextcloud cron.php job [Service] User=nginx ExecStart=/usr/bin/php -f /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/cron.php [Install] WantedBy=basic.target

将nginx和 /usr/share/nginx/html/nextcloud/cron.php保存为自己的用户名和地址保存退出 3、创建nextcloudcron.timer [Unit] Description=Run Nextcloud cron.php every 15 minutes [Timer] OnBootSec=5min OnUnitActiveSec=15min Unit=nextcloudcron.service [Install] WantedBy=timers.target 4、运行 systemctl start nextcloudcron.timer systemctl enable nextcloudcron.timer