1. 在web.xml中配置 DispatcherServlet.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--
/: 拦截所有请求,不拦截jsp页面, *.jsp页面
/*: 拦截所有请求,拦截jsp页面
处理 *.jsp是tomcat做的事, 所有项目的小web.xml都是集成于大web.xml
DefaultServlet是tomcat中处理静态资源的。
除过jsp,servlet以外的都是静态资源
*.html就是静态资源,tomcat就会在服务器下找到这个资源并返回。
这里的前端控制器的/禁用了tomcat服务器的DefaultServlet
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2. 加入Spring MVC的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- springmvc只是控制网站跳转逻辑 -->
<!-- 只扫描控制器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atChina" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>3. 编写处理请求的处理器,并标识为处理器
package com.atChina.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloWorld {
/*
* 1. @RequestMapping: 映射请求的URL
* 2. 返回值会通过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图,对于InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器来说,
* 会做如下的解析: 通过prefix+返回值+suffix的方式得到实际的物理视图,然后做转发操作
*
*/
@RequestMapping("/helloworld")
public String hello(){
System.out.println("Hello World");
return "success"; // /WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp
}
}
4. 编写视图
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
你好啊
</body>
</html>
工程结构如下;
web.xml也可以如下进行配置:(使用默认方式)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 实际上也可以不通过contextConfigLocation来配置SpringMVC的配置文件,而使用默认的配置文件.
默认的配置文件为: /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
这时候的工程结构如下:
