转载自 http://blog.csdn.net/zhngjan/article/details/20843465
略做修改。
'在使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示
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[admin@server1 ~]$ sudo yum install gcc
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
No package gcc available.
Error: Nothing to do
[注]请以root身份操作
由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的,如果没有注册的话不能使用,如果要使用,需将redhat的yum卸载后,重启安装,再配置其他源
解决办法:
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
下面附件已经下载好了。
x86 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有(以64位系统为例):
1> python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
2> yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
3> yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
4> yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
下载命令:
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wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
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wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
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wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
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wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.1
63.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
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rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
注:1> xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令,以避免参数列表过长的问题
2> --nodeps 强制卸载,不管依赖性
3、安装下载的centos的yum包:
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rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装,否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
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wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面附件已经修改好了。
下面是修改好的:
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# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache 获取yum列表
出现下面提示,表示yum更改完成:
Metadata Cache Created
8、yum update 更新yum
更新的文件放置目录http://blog.
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/$releasever/updates/packages