1. 虚拟机可以添加sisc硬盘，添加了要重启虚拟机才能生效
重启后用fdisk -l可以查看到新添的盘，/dev/sdb是新加的第二块硬盘
[root@web01 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00096eec Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 91 524288 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 91 1045 7658496 83 Linux
2. 磁盘分区
命令fdisk /dev/sdb
[root@yunweivm~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device containsneither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a newDOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x29a761e1.
Changes willremain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, ofcourse, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalidflag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING:DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') andchange display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m forhelp):
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m forhelp): p
Disk /dev/sdb:106 MB, 106954752 bytes
64 heads, 32sectors/track, 102 cylinders
Units = cylindersof 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x29a761e1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m forhelp): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number(1-4): 1
First cylinder(1-102, default 1):
Using defaultvalue 1
Last cylinder,+cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-102, default 102): +10m
Unsupportedsuffix: 'm'.
Supported: 10^N:KB (KiloByte), MB (MegaByte), GB (GigaByte)
2^N: K (KibiByte), M (MebiByte), G (GibiByte)
Last cylinder,+cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-102, default 102): +10M
Command (m forhelp): p
Disk /dev/sdb:106 MB, 106954752 bytes
64 heads, 32sectors/track, 102 cylinders
Units =cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size(logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size(minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier:0x29a761e1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 11 11248 83 Linux
l查看分区类型
Command (m forhelp): l
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap /So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIXroot 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIXusr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16<32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FSdata
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS /.
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIXbootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
#如果要修改分区类型，用t
Command (m forhelp): t
Partition number(1-8): 8
Hex code (type Lto list codes): 8e
Changed systemtype of partition 8 to 8e (Linux LVM)
#然后就可以看到Id变成了8e，即现在是lVM类型的分区了
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 130 1044193+ 8e Linux LVM
3. 格式化分区
[root@yunweivm~]# mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -i 1024 /dev/sdb1 #格式化指定文件系统，inode和block，实际是默认的，不用指定 [root@yunweivm~]#mkfs.ext4 -T largerfile /dev/sdb1
-t: 文件系统
-T 快速格式化
4. 挂载
[root@yunweivm~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt 问题排错：如果出现如下错误： [root@yunweivm~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt #未格式化，无法挂载 mount: you mustspecify the filesystem type
5. 查看挂载结果
df -hT
6. 修改文件系统方法
先找到/dev/sda5分区对应的UUID
root@vm-ubuntu16:/# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="431d40de-2a4a-4867-b9ed-65d7713fc8fa" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="1df123cc-01" 然后,我们按照/etc/fstab文件中的格式添加一行如下内容: UUID=0001D3CE0001E53B /home/ubuntu/NewDisk ntfs defaults 0 2 其中第一列为UUID, 第二列为挂载目录（该目录必须为空目录），第三列为文件系统类型，第四列为参数，第五列0表示不备份，最后一列必须为２或0(除非引导分区为1)
/dev/sdb1 /home xfs defaults 0 0
或
431d40de-2a4a-4867-b9ed-65d7713fc8fa /home xfs defaults 0 0
