题目:http://www.lightoj.com/volume_showproblem.php?problem=1072

题意:给一个半径为R的大圆,里面有n个小圆,把这些小圆放置成和大圆均内切且相邻两个小圆相切的形式,问每个小圆的半径是多少

思路:首先小圆肯定放置的和大圆内切,二分枚举小圆半径,然后求出大圆圆心到小圆圆心的距离(设为len),那么相邻两小圆的圆心距,两条len边构成一个三角形,且圆心距对的角可以求出角度,即2*PI / n,根据余弦定理求出圆心距,根据圆心距判断两小圆是否相切,直到相切为止

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

const double eps = 1e-8, PI = acos(-1);
int cas;
int main()
{
    int t;
    double R, n;
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%lf%lf", &R, &n);
        double l = eps, r = R;
        while(fabs(l-r) > eps)
        {
            double mid = (l + r) / 2;
            double len = R - mid;
            double a = sqrt(len*len + len*len - 2*len*len*cos(2*PI / n));//圆心距
            if(a > mid * 2) l = mid;//两小圆相离
            else r = mid;
        }
        printf("Case %d: %f\n", ++cas, l);
    }
    return 0;
}