1.一个Controller是一个对象，属性是这样定义的：


在view.h头文件里：

@property (copy,nonatomic)NSString *userName;

在controller.m里：


@synthesize userName ;


2.事件是这样定义的


- (IBAction)changeGreeting:(id)sender {

    self.userName=self.textField.text;

   NSString *nameString =self.userName;

   if([nameStringlength]==0){

        nameString =@"world";

    }

   NSString *greeting = [[NSStringalloc]initWithFormat:@"Hello,%@!",nameString];

   self.label.text=greeting;

}

产生事件的操作，是按住ctrl键，把对象拖到controller.m里

3.建立对象的变量(outlet),操作是按住ctrl键，然后用鼠标把它拖到view.h头文件里，产生类似这样的代码：

@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutletUITextField *textField;

4.IOS有三种布局方式

  • storyboard
  • xib

继承自UIViewController

  • 手写代码

也是继承自UIViewController

5.IOS类定义

Student.h

//只是用来声明
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Student : NSObject{
    //成员变量定义在这里
    int _age;
    int _no;
}
- (void)setAge:(int)newAge;  //一个冒号对应一个参数,方法名是setAge:
- (int)age;   //动态方法

- (void)setNo:(int)no;
- (int)no;

-(id)initWithAge:(int) age andNo:(int)no;

@end


Student.m 


#import "Student.h"

@implementation Student
-(int)age{
    return _age;
}

-(void)setAge:(int)newAge{
    _age=newAge;
}

-(void)setNo:(int)no{
    _no=no;
}
-(int)no{
    return _no;
}

-(id)initWithAge:(int)age andNo:(int)no{
    if(self=[super init]){
        _age=age;
        _no=no;
    }
    return self;
}
- (NSString *)description{//redefine %@
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Age=%d,No=%d",_age,_no];
}
@end



main.m 


#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Student.h"

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        //Student *stu=[Student alloc];
        //stu =[stu init];
        //Student *stu=[[Student alloc] init];
        Student *stu=[[Student alloc] initWithAge:1 andNo:2];
        //[stu setAge:100];
        stu.age=10;
        //int age=[stu age];
        NSLog(@"%@",stu);
        //[stu release];
        
    }
    return 0;
}




6.一些常用语法：

  • @autorelesepool{}  //自动释放内存池
  • printf("My age is %d and my name is %s",1,"abc");  %o 八进制
  • NSLog(@"Hello,");
  • #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
  • staticNSString *const TitleKey=@"TITLE"; 定义常量
    读取plist
NSString *path=[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Products" ofType:@"plist"];
    NSArray *array=[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];

  • 可变数组的定义与初始化



NSMutableArray *_productList;
_productList = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:array.count];

  • 数组的遍历级可变数组增加元素：



[array enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSDictionary *dict,NSUInteger idx,BOOL *stop){
        Product *product =[[Product alloc]init];
        product.title=dict[TitleKey];
        product.imageName=dict[ImageNameKey];
        product.flag=[dict[FlagKey] integerValue];
        [_productList addObject:product];
        
    }];

  • toolbar


[self.navigationController setToolbarHidden:NO animated:YES];
    //设置toolbarHidden背景颜色
    [self.navigationController.toolbar setBarTintColor:[UIColor redColor]];
    //设置toolbarHidden样式，黑色，黑色透明等等，但貌似都是半透明效果
    [self.navigationController.toolbar setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlack];
    //设置toolbarHidden背景图片，forToolbarPosition是位置状态是放在什么地方时显示设置它的位置，UIBarMetricsDefault是状态设置在竖屏还是横屏时显示
     [self.navigationController.toolbar setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navigationBar.png"] forToolbarPosition:UIBarPositionBottom barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    //设置位置
    self.navigationController.toolbar.frame=CGRectMake(0, 0, 375, 44);
    float y=self.navigationController.toolbar.frame.origin.y + self.navigationController.toolbar.frame.size.height;
    [self.tableView setFrame:CGRectMake(0,y,self.view.frame.size.width,self.view.frame.size.height-y)];
    //重点是设置上面的按钮这些
    //和设置navigationBarItem类似
    //先设置一个UIBarButtonItem，然后组成数组，然后把这个数组赋值给self.toolbarItems
    UIBarButtonItem *btn1=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemAdd target:self action:nil];
    UIBarButtonItem *btn2=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemBookmarks target:self action:nil];
    UIBarButtonItem *btn3=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemCompose target:self action:nil];
    UIBarButtonItem *btn4=[[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target:self action:nil];
    NSArray *arr1=[[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:btn4,btn1,btn4,btn2,btn4,btn3,btn4, nil];
    self.toolbarItems=arr1;
    
    self.view.backgroundColor=[UIColor purpleColor];
  • 背景颜色
  • self.tableView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.95 green:0.95 blue:0.95 alpha:0.0];
  • 弹出提醒
UIAlertView * alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"标题" message:@"内容" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];
    [alter show];

  • UIToolbar加间距
UIBarButtonItem *itemButtonEmpty = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target:nil action:nil];
[mycustomButtons addObjectsFromArray:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:myButton1,itemButtonEmpty,myButton2,itemButtonEmpty,myButton3,itemButtonEmpty,myButton4,itemButtonEmpty,myButton5,itemButtonEmpty,myButton6,itemButtonEmpty,nil]];
  • ViewController跳转


7.一些ViewController相关的操作

跳转

<pre name="code" class="objc">        
ViewController * content=[[ViewController alloc]init];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:content  animated:true];



根据StoryboardId找到Controller

ViewController *content=[self.storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"viewControllerName"];



8.CGRect操作

CGRect frame= [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];  //返回APP区域
  CGRect _frame=[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame];  //除去工具条的App区域


9.常量定义


首先，创建​​Constants.h​​和​​Constants.m​​文件用来存放我们的常量。 在​​Constants.h​​中，指定常量名字，将常量声明为一个指向​​NSString​​对象的指针: 


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// Constants.h
extern NSString * const MyOwnConstant;
extern NSString * const YetAnotherConstant;


最后，在​​Constants.m​​中通过赋值定义常量: 


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// Constants.m
NSString * const MyOwnConstant = @"myOwnConstant";
NSString * const  YetAnotherConstant = @"yetAnotherConstant";




字符串比较可以这样进行：

(​​@"myString" == MyConstant​​)而不是字符串比较(​​[@"myString" isEqualToString:MyConstant]​​)

如有c或者c++混合的话使用FOUNDATION_EXPORT 来代替 extern