CentOS 配置Tomcat及搭配Nginx


一、准备环境

  • CentOS8
  • 安装 JDK1.8
  • 已安装 Nginx

二、安装Tomcat过程

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.46/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz
cp -R apache-tomcat-9.0.46.tar.gz /opt/tomcat
sudo groupadd tomcat
sudo useradd -M -s /bin/nologin -g tomcat -d /opt/tomcat tomcat
cd ~

cd /opt/tomcat
sudo chgrp -R tomcat conf
sudo chmod g+rwx conf
sudo chmod g+r conf/*
sudo chown -R tomcat work/ temp/ logs/

/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
# Systemd unit file for tomcat
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat
Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC'
Environment='JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom'

ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/bin/kill -15 $MAINPID

User=tomcat
Group=tomcat

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

继续运行脚本：

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
或者用
cd bin
./startup.sh
如果要开机自动启动服务：
sudo systemctl enable tomcat  --tomcat service enable

现在可以打开默认页面：

​​http://server_IP_address:8080​​

# 停止命令：
./shutdown.sh

配置tomcat web management界面：

sudo vim /opt/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml

tomcat-user.xml-Admin user

<tomcat-users>
    <user username="admin" password="123456" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>

重启：

sudo systemctl restart tomcat

查看日志：

cd /opt/tomcat/logs
tail -f catalina.out

三、Nginx 作前端负载均衡的设置

1、安装Nginx

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

添加内容：

[nginx]  
name=nginx repo  
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=0  
enabled=1

完成后使用yum命令安装nginx ：

yum install nginx

安装后查询Nginx位置：

whereis nginx

Nginx命令：

service nginx start/stop/restart

查检配置文件是否正确：

/usr/sbin/nginx -t

Nginx 目录: /usr/local/nginx/
sudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

2、配置开机启动

cd /lib/systemd/system/
vim nginx.service

内容：

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

设置 开机启动

systemctl enable nginx.service

其它命令

systemctl start nginx.service    启动nginx
systemctl stop nginx.service    结束nginx
systemctl restart nginx.service    重启nginx

3、配置负载均衡

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes  2;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream backend {
        server 内部ip1:8080 weight=1;
        server 内部ip2:8080 weight=1;
    }

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/domain.com.conf

server {
    listen       8080;
    server_name domain.com;


    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    }


    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

}

4、卸载

yum remove nginx

参考：
安装Tomcat
​​​ https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-8-on-centos-7​​​ 如果yum安装参考这里
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-7-on-centos-7-via-yum