centos7环境下的Mysql5.7.22安装

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yaok430 2023-06-30 23:34:30 ©著作权

文章标签 mysql linux bc 文章分类 数字化转型

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centos7环境下的Mysql5.7.22安装_linux

下载之后用xftp上传到linux

或

在线下载：wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、解压

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql

建议：不要安装到其它目录，否则数据库初始化的时候会报cannot change dir的错，不好搞

3、重命名

mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@LinuxS04 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# ls
mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql01
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# ls
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# cd ..
[root@LinuxS04 local]# rm -rf mysql
[root@LinuxS04 local]# mv mysql01/ mysql

4、卸载系统自带mysql

查看：rpm -qa | grep mysql

卸载：rpm -e --nodeps softfullname

5、创建用户组和用户

创建用户组：groupadd mysql

创建用户：useradd -r -g mysql mysql

为了安全性，给mysql数据库创建专有用户，该用户只能访问mysql目录，不能访问系统其它目录

另外不建议直接用root初始化mysql，否则连接mysql时会报错：[ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

6、给mysql目录指定专有用户和用户组

首先创建data目录：

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir data

指定用户和用户组：

cd /usr/local

chown -R mysql mysql/

chgrp -R mysql mysql/

7、初始化mysql

切换到mysql用户

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

记住生成的临时密码

如果忘记密码或者想重新初始化，可以先将mysql/data目录中文件删除，然后再执行初始化命令

8、配置my.cnf

从5.7.17后mysql就没有默认的my_default.cnf文件，需要手动创建

cd /etc

cat>>my.cnf

输入以下内容，ctrl+D退出

精简版：

1. [mysqld]  
2. basedir=/usr/local/mysql/  
3. datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

可选版：

1. # For advice on how to change settings please see  
2. # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html  
3. # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the  
4. # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you  
5. # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.  
6.   
7. [mysqld]  
8. # sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES   
9.   
10. # 一般配置选项  
11. basedir = /usr/local/mysql/  
12. datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
13. port = 3306  
14. character-set-server = utf8  
15. explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true  
16. # socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock  
17.   
18. #下面是可选项，要不要都行，如果出现启动错误，则全部注释掉，保留最基本的配置选项，然后尝试添加某些配置项后启动，检测配置项是否有误  
19. back_log = 300  
20. max_connections = 3000  
21. max_connect_errors = 50  
22. table_open_cache = 4096  
23. max_allowed_packet = 32M  
24. #binlog_cache_size = 4M  
25.   
26. max_heap_table_size = 128M  
27. read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M  
28. sort_buffer_size = 16M  
29. join_buffer_size = 16M  
30. thread_cache_size = 16  
31. query_cache_size = 128M  
32. query_cache_limit = 4M  
33. ft_min_word_len = 8  
34.   
35. thread_stack = 512K  
36. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ  
37. tmp_table_size = 128M  
38. #log-bin=mysql-bin  
39. long_query_time = 6  
40.   
41. server_id=1  
42.   
43. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G  
44. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16  
45. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M  
46.   
47. innodb_log_file_size = 512M  
48. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3  
49. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90  
50. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120  
51. innodb_file_per_table = on  
52.   
53. [mysqldump]  
54. quick  
55. max_allowed_packet = 32M  
56.   
57. [mysql]  
58. no-auto-rehash  
59. default-character-set=utf8  
60. safe-updates  
61.   
62. [myisamchk]  
63. key_buffer = 16M  
64. sort_buffer_size = 16M  
65. read_buffer = 8M  
66. write_buffer = 8M  
67.   
68. [mysqlhotcopy]  
69. interactive-timeout  
70.   
71. [mysqld_safe]  
72. open-files-limit = 8192  
73.   
74. [client]  
75. /bin/bash: Q: command not found