鸟哥学习笔记---网络驱动器设备iSCSI

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s910501 2013-04-23 14:30:03 ©著作权

文章标签 Linux iscsi 网络驱动器设备 文章分类 运维

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NAS：网络附加存储服务器

SAN：存储局域网

让LinuxPC变成一台可通过Web管理的NAS：

FressNAS:http://sourceforge.net/projects/freenas/

SAN提供“磁盘”给主机用，可以格式化，分区等；

NAS提供的是“网络协议的文件系统（NFS、SMB等）

iSCSI:Internet SCSI

iSCSI target：相当于服务器

iSCSI initiator：相当于客户端

储存方式：

1.DAS：直接存储

2.NAS：提供文件系统

3.SAN：提供磁盘

使用到的软件：

#用来将Linux系统仿真成为iSCSI target的功能

[root@Centosszm ~]# yum install scsi-target-utils

#用于挂载iSCSI

[root@Centosszm ~]# yum install iscsi-initiator-utils

主要文件：

/etc/tgt/targets.conf

/usr/sbin/tgt-admin

/usr/sbin/tgt-setup-lun

/usr/sbin/tgtadm

/usr/sbin/tgtd

/usr/sbin/tgtimg

可以使用作的target:

1.文件

2.分区

3.设备

1.建立所需要的磁盘设备。

[root@Centosszm ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/srv/iscsi/disk1.img bs=1M count=50

50+0 records in

50+0 records out

52428800 bytes (52 MB) copied, 5.28837 s, 9.9 MB/s

[root@Centosszm ~]# chcon -Rv -t tgtd_var_lib_t /srv/iscsi/

changing security context of `/srv/iscsi/disk1.img'

changing security context of `/srv/iscsi/'

[root@Centosszm ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

[root@Centosszm ~]# partprobe

#查看已挂载SWAP

[root@Centosszm ~]# swapon -s

Filename Type Size Used Priority

/dev/sda7 partition 2047992 0 -1

[root@Centosszm ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda10

Physical volume "/dev/sda10" successfully created

[root@Centosszm ~]# vgextend vg_szm /dev/sda10

Volume group "vg_szm" successfully extended

[root@Centosszm ~]# lvcreate -L 50M -n iscsi01 vg_szm

Rounding up size to full physical extent 52.00 MiB

Logical volume "iscsi01" created

[root@Centosszm ~]# lvscan

ACTIVE '/dev/vg_szm/LogVol00' [8.81 GiB] inherit

ACTIVE '/dev/vg_szm/iscsi01' [52.00 MiB] inherit

2.规划共享的iSCSI target文件名：iqn(ISCSI Qualifed Name合格名称)

iqn.yyyy-mm.单位网络名的反转写法:这个共享的target名称

3.设置tgt

[root@Centosszm ~]# hostname

Centosszm.test.com

[root@Centosszm ~]# vi /etc/tgt/targets.conf

backing-store /srv/iscsi/disk1.img #整块磁盘用direct-store

#backing-store /dev/sda8

backing-store /dev/vg_szm/iscsi01 #磁盘2

initiator-address 192.168.179.0/24 #用户地址

incominguser szmuser szmpassword #账号与密码

write-cache off #关闭缓存

</target>

[root@Centosszm ~]# /etc/init.d/tgtd start

Starting SCSI target daemon: [ OK ]

#用的是3260这个端口

[root@Centosszm ~]# netstat -tulnp | grep tgt

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2766/tgtd

tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN 2766/tgtd

[root@Centosszm ~]# tgt-admin --show

Target 1: iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

System information:

Driver: iscsi

State: ready

I_T nexus information:

LUN information:

LUN: 0

Type: controller #这个是控制器，不是可用的LUN

SCSI ID: IET 00010000

SCSI SN: beaf10

Size: 0 MB

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: None

LUN: 1

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00010001

SCSI SN: beaf11

Size: 55 MB #磁盘大小

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /dev/vg_szm/iscsi01

LUN: 2

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00010002

SCSI SN: beaf12

Size: 52 MB

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /srv/iscsi/disk1.img

Account information:

szmuser #用户账号

ACL information:

192.168.179.0/24 #可连接IP

#防火墙设置：

[root@Centosszm ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT

[root@Centosszm ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables save

iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ]

iSCSCI initiator的设置：

/etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf：

/sbin/iscsid

/sbin/iscsiadm

/etc/init.d/iscsid

/etc/init.d/iscsi #这个会呼叫上面那个命令

1.客户端配置文件

[root@szm ~]# vim /etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf

node.session.auth.username = szmuser #连接时用到的密码

node.session.auth.password = szmpassword

discovery.sendtargets.auth.username = szmuser

discovery.sendtargets.auth.password = szmpassword #检测时用到的密码

[root@szm ~]# chkconfig iscsid on

[root@szm ~]# chkconfig iscsi on

2.检测192.168.179.7这台target的相关数据

-m discovvery:

-t sendtargets:

-p IP:prot :

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.179.7

Starting iscsid: [ OK ]

192.168.179.7:3260,1 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

[root@szm ~]# ll -R /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/

/var/lib/iscsi/nodes/:

total 4

drw-------. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 23:50 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

/var/lib/iscsi/nodes/iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk:

total 4

drw-------. 2 root root 4096 Apr 8 23:50 192.168.179.7,3260,1

/var/lib/iscsi/nodes/iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk/192.168.179.7,3260,1:

total 4

-rw-------. 1 root root 1897 Apr 8 23:50 default

3.开始进行连接iSCSI target

#找出目前本机上面所有检测到的target信息，可能并未登录

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node

192.168.179.7:3260,1 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

#登录某台target,不要重新启动iSCSI服务

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk --login

Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk, portal: 192.168.179.7,3260] (multiple)

[root@szm ~]# fdisk -l

……

Disk /dev/sdc: 54 MB, 54525952 bytes

2 heads, 52 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 104 * 512 = 53248 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdd: 52 MB, 52428800 bytes

2 heads, 50 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 100 * 512 = 51200 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

4.更新/删除/添加target数据的方法

iscsiadm -m node -T targetname --logout

iscsiadm -m node -o [delete|new|update] -T targetname

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk --logout

Logging out of session [sid: 1, target: iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk, portal: 192.168.179.7,3260]

Logout of [sid: 1, target: iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk, portal: 192.168.179.7,3260] successful.

没有删除连接：

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node

192.168.179.7:3260,1 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node -o delete -T iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node

iscsiadm: No records found

#例子：

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.179.7

192.168.179.7:3260,1 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

[root@szm ~]# iscsiadm -m node

192.168.179.7:3260,1 iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

[root@szm ~]# /etc/init.d/iscsi restart

[root@szm ~]# fdisk -l

……

Disk /dev/sdc: 54 MB, 54525952 bytes

2 heads, 52 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 104 * 512 = 53248 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdd: 52 MB, 52428800 bytes

2 heads, 50 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 100 * 512 = 51200 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@szm ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd{c,d}

Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created

Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created

[root@szm ~]# vgcreate iscsi /dev/sd{c,d}

Volume group "iscsi" successfully created

[root@szm ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name iscsi

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 96.00 MiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 24 #一共24个PE

Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0

Free PE / Size 24 / 96.00 MiB

VG UUID nGlC74-pbo5-SrMO-29jd-xhaM-g5ds-A7lLFL

[root@szm ~]# lvcreate -l 24 -n disk iscsi

Logical volume "disk" created

[root@szm ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/iscsi/disk

LV Name disk

VG Name iscsi

LV UUID V8I8UH-9qrh-M671-Gph2-E36Y-jWQ5-vV0MAG

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time szm, 2013-04-09 13:35:07 +0800

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 96.00 MiB

Current LE 24

Segments 2

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:3

[root@szm ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/iscsi/disk

[root@szm ~]# mkdir -p /data/iscsi

#_netdev:需要网络开机启动完成后才会挂载

[root@szm ~]# vim /etc/fstab

/dev/iscsi/disk /data/iscsi ext4 defaults,_netdev 1 2

[root@szm ~]# mkdir /data/iscsi/testdir

[root@szm ~]# touch /data/iscsi/testdir/testfile

[root@szm ~]# ll /data/iscsi/

total 14

drwx------. 2 root root 12288 Apr 9 13:35 lost+found

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 1024 Apr 9 13:39 testdir

服务器端查看：

[root@Centosszm ~]# tgt-admin --show

Target 1: iqn.2013-04.com.Centosszm:szmdisk

System information:

Driver: iscsi

State: ready

I_T nexus information:

I_T nexus: 3

Initiator: iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:84971b47c598 #这个名字可以修改

Connection: 0

IP Address: 192.168.179.146 #连接进来的IP

LUN information:

LUN: 0

Type: controller

SCSI ID: IET 00010000

SCSI SN: beaf10

Size: 0 MB

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: None

LUN: 1

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00010001

SCSI SN: beaf11

Size: 55 MB

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /dev/vg_szm/iscsi01

LUN: 2

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00010002

SCSI SN: beaf12

Size: 52 MB

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /srv/iscsi/disk1.img

Account information:

szmuser

ACL information:

192.168.179.0/24

#修改名字最好在使用前修改，否则会使得磁盘无法使用。

[root@szm ~]# cat /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi

InitiatorName=iqn.1994-05.com.szm:84971b47c598

[root@szm ~]# /etc/init.d/iscsi restart

Stopping iscsi: [ OK ]

Starting iscsi: [ OK ]

#发生下面的改变了，郁闷，全得LV不能够使用了。

[root@szm ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sde: 54 MB, 54525952 bytes

2 heads, 52 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 104 * 512 = 53248 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdf: 52 MB, 52428800 bytes

2 heads, 50 sectors/track, 1024 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 100 * 512 = 51200 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

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