正常情况下,TIME_WAIT是需要存在的
为了保证客户端发送的最后一个ACK报文能够到达服务器,因为这个ACK可能丢失,从而导致处在LAST-ACK状态的服务器收不到对FIN-ACK的确认报文,服务器会超时重传这个FIN-ACK,接着客户端再重传一次确认,重新启动时间等待计时器,确保两端正确的断开连接,并且允许老的重复字节在网络中消逝
一个MSL默认时长为两分钟
但是如果服务器上TIME_WAIT过多会影响进程占用,使其他客户端无法正常连接,而且有可能正在遭受攻击,这时可以通过修改内核参数来调整
[root@master ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 #开启SYN Cookies 当出现SYN等待队列溢出时启用 可防范少量SYN攻击
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 #开启重用 允许TIME-WAIT sockets重新用于新的TCP连接
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 #开启TCP连接中TIME-WAIT sockets的快速回收
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30 #修改系统默认的TIMEOUT时间 单位/秒
[root@master ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p #让参数生效