SQL2005数据库镜像的步骤

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zping_6967 2024-01-22 16:24:30 博主文章分类：SQL Server 高可用 ©著作权

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--SQL2005数据库镜像的步骤

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--1、设置镜像数据库为完整恢复模式
alter DATABASE S_C_SC set recovery FULL

--2、创建证书（主备可并行执行）
--主机执行
USE master;
CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'joe';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert WITH SUBJECT = 'HOST_A certificate' ,
START_DATE = '2012-09-25';

--备机执行
USE master;
CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'joe';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert WITH SUBJECT = 'HOST_B certificate' ,
START_DATE = '2012-09-25';

--见证执行
USE master;
CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'joe';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_C_cert WITH SUBJECT = 'HOST_C certificate' ,
START_DATE = '2012-09-25';

--3、创建连接的端点（主备可并行执行）

--主机执行：
USE master
CREATE ENDPOINT Endpoint_Mirroring
STATE = STARTED
AS
TCP ( LISTENER_PORT=5022 , LISTENER_IP = ALL )
FOR
DATABASE_MIRRORING
( AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert , ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES , ROLE = ALL );

--备机执行：
USE master
CREATE ENDPOINT Endpoint_Mirroring
STATE = STARTED
AS
TCP ( LISTENER_PORT=5022 , LISTENER_IP = ALL )
FOR
DATABASE_MIRRORING
( AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert , ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES , ROLE = ALL );

--见证执行:
USE master
CREATE ENDPOINT Endpoint_Mirroring
STATE = STARTED
AS
TCP ( LISTENER_PORT=5022 , LISTENER_IP = ALL )
FOR
DATABASE_MIRRORING
( AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE HOST_C_cert , ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES , ROLE = WITNESS );

--4、备份证书以备建立互联（主备可并行执行）

--主机执行：
USE master
BACKUP CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert TO FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_A_cert.cer';
--备机执行：
USE master
BACKUP CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert TO FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_B_cert.cer';
--见证执行:
USE master
BACKUP CERTIFICATE HOST_C_cert TO FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_C_cert.cer';

--5、互换证书
--
--将备份到D:\SQLBackup\的证书进行互换，即HOST_A_cert.cer复制(是复制不是剪切)
--到备机的D:\SQLBackup\。HOST_B_cert.cer复制(是复制不是剪切)到主机的D:\SQLBackup\
--见证的证书HOST_C_cert.cer复制到主机和备机,主机和备机复制到见证

--6、添加登陆名、用户（主备见证可并行执行）

--以下操作只能通过命令行运行，通过图形界面无法完成。（截至文档编写结束，SQL Server2005的版本号为SP2）

--主机执行：
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_B_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_B_user FOR LOGIN HOST_B_login;
--CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_B_user FROM FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_B_cert.cer';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_B_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_B_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_B_login]
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_C_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_C_user FOR LOGIN HOST_C_login;
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_C_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_C_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_C_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_C_login];
GO

--备机执行：
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_A_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_A_user FOR LOGIN HOST_A_login;
--CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_A_user FROM FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_A_cert.cer';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_A_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_A_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_A_login];
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_C_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_C_user FOR LOGIN HOST_C_login;
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_C_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_C_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_C_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_C_login];
GO

--见证执行:
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_A_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_A_user FOR LOGIN HOST_A_login;
--CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_A_user FROM FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_A_cert.cer';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_A_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_A_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_A_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_A_login];
USE master
CREATE LOGIN HOST_B_login WITH PASSWORD = 'test';
CREATE USER HOST_B_user FOR LOGIN HOST_B_login;
--CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_B_user FROM FILE = 'D:\SQLBackup\HOST_B_cert.cer';
CREATE CERTIFICATE HOST_B_cert AUTHORIZATION HOST_B_user FROM FILE = 'D:\HOST_B_cert.cer';
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_Mirroring TO [HOST_B_login];

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--建立镜像关系---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--以下步骤是针对每个数据库进行的，例如：现有主机中有5个数据库以下过程就要执行5次。

--7、手工同步登录名和密码

--在前面提到数据库镜像的缺点之一是无法维护登录名，所以需要我们手工维护登录解决孤立用户。

--在主数据库中执行如下语句：
USE master;
select sid,name,dbname from syslogins WHERE dbname='S_C_SC'

--查找出要做镜像的那个数据库里面有哪些用户名和sid，例如：上述的’myuser’

--在备库中执行如下语句：

USE master;
exec sp_addlogin
@loginame = '<LoginName>',
@passwd = '<Password>',
@sid = <sid> ;

--8、准备备机数据库
--主库要备份两个bak文件
--第一个：完整备份
--第二个：事务日志备份，截断事务日志

--（1）先在备机还原完整备份，“restore with norecovery”和覆盖现有数据库
--（2）再还原事务日志，“restore with norecovery” 和时间点：最近状态

--由于是实验，没有为服务器配置双网卡，IP地址与图有点不一样，但是原理一样。

--9、必须要在镜像数据库中先设置好伙伴后，才能在主体服务器执行
--再在主体服务器实例上，将备机上的服务器实例设置为伙伴

--备机执行
USE master
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.1.100:5022'

--主机执行
USE master
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.1.103:5022'

--10、在主机执行设置见证服务器
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET WITNESS = 'TCP://192.168.1.101:5022';
GO

-------------------------测试------------------------------
--1、主备互换

--主机停掉SQL服务

--2、主服务器Down掉,备机紧急启动并且开始服务
--备机执行：
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET PARTNER FORCE_SERVICE_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS;
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET ONLINE

--3、开启主机的SQL服务，原来的主服务器恢复,可以继续工作,需要重新设定镜像
--备机执行：
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET PARTNER RESUME; --恢复镜像
ALTER DATABASE S_C_SC SET PARTNER FAILOVER; --切换到主机

--4、原来的主服务器恢复,可以继续工作