关于服务器进程与用户进程概念及v$session/V$PROCESS视图简介
本文根据性能分析的一般思路来进行:
先看OS资源,确定CPU/内存消耗最多的进程,从进程找到会话,再查看会话详细信息:包括会话类型、执行的SQL等等。
各种查询
1.查当前会话SID
BYS@ bys3>select sid from v$mystat where rownum=1;
SID
----------
44
查询当前数据库有哪些会话,有哪些用户,从哪些终端连接的
select username,machine,program from v$session where type='USER';
查询当前数据库内会话的SPID,PID,用户名,客户端主机名,客户端程序
select b.spid,a.sid,a.username,a.program,a.machine from v$session a,v$process b where a.paddr=b.addr and a.type='USER';
查询当前数据库内会话的SPID,PID,用户名,客户端主机名,客户端程序以及用户会话是活动的--正在执行SQL或被阻塞
select b.spid,a.sid,a.username,a.program,a.machine from v$session a,v$process b where a.paddr=b.addr and a.type='USER' and a.status='ACTIVE';
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2.操作系统上查进程PID,以及服务器进程所占用CPU 内在资源。LOCAL=NO表示是通过网络连接。
ps -ef显示的列依次是:1.UID 用户ID 2.PID 进程ID 3.PPID 父进程ID 4.C CPU占用率 5.STIME 开始时间 6.TTY 开始此进程的TTY 7.TIME 此进程运行的总时间 8.CMD 命令名
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
[oracle@bys3 ~]$
ps -ef|grep LOCAL|grep -v grep
---查当前有哪些会话进程
oracle 25868 1 0 14:24 ? 00:00:04 oraclebys3 (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 29048 29045 0 18:52 ? 00:00:00 oraclebys3 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
ps aux显示的列依次是:
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
[oracle@bys3 dbs]$
ps aux|grep LOCAL |grep -v grep
oracle 29313 0.0 2.0 326852 42996 ? Ss 19:14 0:00 oraclebys3
(LOCAL=NO)
oracle 29392 0.1 1.9 326796 40992 ? Ss 19:19 0:01 oraclebys3 (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 29550 0.0 1.7 326984 35148 ? Ss 19:28 0:00 oraclebys3 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
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3.通过进程PID查找会话SID及通过会话SID找进程PID语句:
通过进程SPID找会话SID
BYS@ bys3>select s.sid from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and p.spid=29550;
SID
----------
44
通过当前会话SID找进程PID:
BYS@ bys3>select p.spid from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.sid=
(select sid from v$mystat where rownum=1); 如果查其它会话SID,
直接输入相应SID即可
SPID
------------------------
29550
使用OSPID或者SID之一来查询:
BYS@ bys3> select p.spid as ospid,s.sid from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and (s.sid=&sid or p.spid=&ospid);
Enter value for sid: 888
Enter value for ospid: 29887
old 1: select p.spid as ospid,s.sid from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and (s.sid=&sid or p.spid=&ospid)
new 1: select p.spid as ospid,s.sid from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and (s.sid=888 or p.spid=29887)
OSPID SID
------------------------ ----------
29887 42
查询当前会话使用的PGA的大小信息
select p.spid,p.PGA_USED_MEM/1024/1024 MB,p.PGA_ALLOC_MEM/1024/1024 MB,p.PGA_MAX_MEM/1024/1024 MB from v$session s,v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.sid=(select sid from v$mystat where rownum=1);
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4.通过会话SID查看会话详细的信息
示例1:查会话使用的ORACEL数据库用户名、此会话最近一次执行的SQL命令(需要通过COMMAND字段的数字查询相应表选出,如这里3是select),当前会话状态是ACTIVE活动的,表示有SQL语句正在执行(SQL正执行或补阻塞),以及当前服务器连接模式(专有还是共享)
BYS@ bys3>col username for a10
BYS@ bys3>select sid,user#,username,command,ownerid,status,server from v$session where sid=44;
SID USER# USERNAME COMMAND OWNERID STATUS SERVER
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------
44 32 BYS 3 2147483644 ACTIVE DEDICATED
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示例2:查看44号用户进程的客户端相关信息:客户端的OS用户名、客户端进程号、客户端主机名、客户端程序、登陆时间等。
col sid for 99999
col osuser for a10
col machine for a10
col program for a20
col service_name for a10
col logon_time for a10
col process for a10
set linesize 200
BYS@ bys3>select sid,osuser,process,machine,program,type,service_name,sql_trace,logon_time,resource_consumer_group from v$session where sid=44;
SID OSUSER PROCESS MACHINE PROGRAM TYPE SERVICE_NA SQL_TRAC LOGON_TIME RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP
---- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------------------------------
44 oracle 29547 bys3.bys.c sqlplus@bys3.bys.com USER SYS$USERS DISABLED 2013/11/24 OTHER_GROUPS
om (TNS V1-V3) 19:28:22
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示例3:查询会话当前执行的SQL语句及上一条SQL语句的sql_id从而查出SQL_TEXT--注意要关闭serveroutput:set serveroutput off
会话47:删除不提交
BYS@ bys3>delete a;
1 row deleted.
会话34:先删除一行新插入的值8,可以删除。删除整张表,则发生等待-
21:19:11 BYS@ bys3>select sid from v$mystat where rownum=1;
SID
----------
34
21:19:18 BYS@ bys3>insert into a values(8);
1 row created.
21:19:23 BYS@ bys3>select * from a;
B
----------
8
55
7
3
21:19:27 BYS@ bys3>delete a where b=8;
1 row deleted.
21:19:32 BYS@ bys3>delete a; ----此时会话一直在等待执行
会话32:查询会话34的SQL语句信息
BYS@ bys3>col sql_text for a30
BYS@ bys3>select sql_id,sql_text from v$sql where sql_id in('96vz122hk9mtq','dmmj3tuc9ynbj');
SQL_ID SQL_TEXT
------------- ------------------------------
96vz122hk9mtq delete a ----
可以查出当前SQL语句是delete a
dmmj3tuc9ynbj delete a where b=8 --
可以查出上一条SQL语句是delete a where b=8
注意事项:要关闭serveroutput:set serveroutput off ,如果set serveroutput on,则查出的上一条SQL语句就成了:
BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.GET_LINES(:LINES, :NUMLINES); END; 关于
DBMS_OUTPUT官方文档介绍如下:http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14258/d_output.htm
其中有一节是关闭DBMS_OUTPUT的描述: DISABLE Procedure:
This procedure disables calls to PUT, PUT_LINE, NEW_LINE, GET_LINE, and GET_LINES, and purges the buffer of any remaining information.
As with the ENABLE Procedure, you do not need to call this procedure if you are using the SERVEROUTPUT option of SQL*Plus. 如果打开SQLPLUS中的SERVEROUTPUT选项,不需要调用这个进程。即打开SERVEROUTPUT选项调用此过程。故set serveroutput off即可。
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示例4:查看某个会话的锁/阻塞等情况及简单解决思路--查当前系统中存在'TM','TX')等待的SQL语句:
同时打开两个会话,在会话SID 38,删除表B不提交;在会话SID为43,同时删除B表,此时会话43处于等待状态。从会话38查询会话43的会话的阻塞信息:
BYS@ bys3>col event for a20
BYS@ bys3>
select sid,row_wait_obj#,row_wait_file#,row_wait_block#,row_wait_row#,blocking_session_status,blocking_session,event#,event from v$session where sid=43;
SID ROW_WAIT_OBJ# ROW_WAIT_FILE# ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# ROW_WAIT_ROW# BLOCKING_SE BLOCKING_SESSION EVENT# EVENT
---------- ------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- ----------- ---------------- ---------- --------------------
43 21428 4 167 0 VALID 38 241
enq: TX - row lock contention
可以看到ROW_WAIT_OBJ#为21428,可以通过DBA_OBJECTS视图的OBJECT_ID查出。blocking_session_status字段值为VALID 表明有阻塞,BLOCKING_SESSION字段可以看到43会话是被38号会话阻塞,EVENT事件是:行锁争用。
BYS@ bys3>select object_name from dba_objects where object_id=21428;
OBJECT_NAME
-----------------------------
B
可以从v$lock中查询38及43会话的相关的锁状态:38号会话阻塞了43号-BLOCK列,关于锁
BYS@ bys3>select * from v$lock where sid in(38,43);
ADDR KADDR SID TY ID1 ID2 LMODE REQUEST CTIME BLOCK
-------- -------- ---------- -- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
28635B24 28635B50 38 AE 100 0 4 0 818 0
28635E88 28635EB4 43 AE 100 0 4 0 1232 0
28636550 2863657C 43 TX 655393 1107 0 6 810 0
B69AC7D8 B69AC808 43 TM 21428 0 3 0 810 0
B69AC7D8 B69AC808 38 TM 21428 0 3 0 815 0
276BBFB8 276BBFF8 38 TX 655393 1107 6 0 815 1
查当前系统中存在'TM','TX')等待的SQL语句:
BYS@ bys3>select a.*,b.sid,b.username from v$sqltext a,v$session b,v$lock c where a.sql_id=b.sql_id and b.sid=c.sid and c.type in('TM','TX');
ADDRESS HASH_VALUE SQL_ID COMMAND_TYPE PIECE SQL_TEXT SID USERNAME
-------- ---------- ------------- ------------ ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2461AC9C 2848502917 gbxry2ynwjd45 6 0 update test set status=99 44 BYS
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如果查询到有阻塞并迟迟不能释放进而影响了业务正常运行,可以手工KILL掉。方法如下:
BYS@ bys3>alter system kill session '38,1521'; --不能KILL掉当前会话38--38,1521对应SID/serial#
alter system kill session '38,1521'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00027: cannot kill current session
新打开一会话:
BYS@ bys3>alter system kill session '38,1521';
System altered.
此时返回原会话38:执行查询返回错误:ORA-00028: your session has been killed
BYS@ bys3>select sid,serial# from v$session where sid=38;
select sid,serial# from v$session where sid=38
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00028: your session has been killed
此时查看43号会话,原来被阻塞的SQL语句得以执行:
BYS@ bys3>delete b; ---因为阻塞,所以语句执行时间显示是17分钟
1 row deleted.
Elapsed: 00:17:24.84
能解决对象被锁定问题
1、select * from v$locked_object 查出被锁定的对象,其中object_id是对象的ID,session_id是被锁定对象有session ID;
2、select object_name, object_type from dba_objects where object_id = 刚才查出来的object_id;(根据v$locked_object里的object_id提出来的)
这样来查被锁定这个对象的名字,如果能确定是哪个TABLE被锁并且要解锁,则再执行
3、select sid, serial#, machine, program from v$session where sid =第1步中查出来的session_id;(是根据v$locked_object对应锁定记录的session_id找出来的) 然后
4、alter system kill session ‘sid,serial#’;用来杀死这个会话;
--找出互相阻塞的会话:
select a.sid blocker_sid,a.serial#,a.username as blocker,
b.type,decode(b.lmode,0,'None',1,'Null',2,'Row share',
3,'Row Exclusive',4,'Share',5,'Share Row Exclusive',6,'Exclusive') lock_mode,
b.ctime as time_held,c.sid as waiter_sid,
decode(c.request,0,'None',1,'Null',2,'Row share',
3,'Row Exclusive',4,'Share',5,'Share Row Exclusive',6,'Exclusive') request_mode,
c.ctime time_waited
from v$lock b, v$enqueue_lock c, v$session a
where a.sid = b.sid
and b.id1 = c.id1(+)
and b.id2 = c.id2(+)
and c.type(+) = 'TX'
and b.type = 'TX'
and b.block = 1
order by time_held, time_waited desc;