一、基础环境及目标概述

1.查看基础环境

[root@node3 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G  388M  3.5G  10% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        92G  2.0G   90G   3% /
/dev/sr0                iso9660   4.4G  4.4G     0 100% /opt
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  150M  865M  15% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs     781M     0  781M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1               xfs        20G   20G  2.0M 100% /data
[root@node3 ~]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   99G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 91.1G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0  7.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   20G  0 part /data
sr0              11:0    1  4.4G  0 rom  /opt

查看基础环境已知：/dev/sdb1挂载至主机/data路径下，sdb硬盘容量为20G，/data文件系统格式为xfs

二、通过vsphere环境扩容sdb物理分区，扩容sdb1物理分区

2.1通过vsphere环境扩容sdb容量至50G(热扩容需重启机器)

本文采用热扩容，经实测热添加扫盘后，sdb磁盘容量未改变；主机重启后，sdb磁盘物理磁盘容量加载成功

[root@node3 ~]# reboot
[root@node3 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   99G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 91.1G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0  7.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   50G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   20G  0 part /data
sr0              11:0    1  4.4G  0 rom  /opt

2.2安装growpart命令

内网环境:(手动上传对应版本cloud-utils-cloud-utils-growpart包)

[root@node3 huahui]# ls
cloud-utils-growpart-0.29-5.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@node3 huahui]# rpm -ivh cloud-utils-growpart-0.29-5.el7.noarch.rpm 
warning: cloud-utils-growpart-0.29-5.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:cloud-utils-growpart-0.29-5.el7  ################################# [100%]
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@node3 huahui]#

在线环境：

[root@node3 huahui]# yum install -y cloud-utils-growpart

2.3 扩容sdb1物理分区至50G

[root@node3 ~]# growpart /dev/sdb 1
CHANGED: partition=1 start=2048 old: size=41940992 end=41943040 new: size=104855519 end=104857567
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@node3 ~]# lsblk /dev/sdb1
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb1   8:17   0  50G  0 part /data
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

三、扩容/data文件系统

[root@node3 ~]# df -Th /data/   #文件系统类型为xfs
Filesystem     Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1      xfs    20G   20G  2.0M 100% /data
[root@node3 ~]# partprobe
[root@node3 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1310656 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=5242624, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 5242624 to 13106939
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@node3 ~]# df -Th /data/
Filesystem     Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1      xfs    50G   20G   31G  40% /data

四、其他补充

linux中对标准分区(part分区)进行扩容(不需格式化)的方法_liunx part 扩展-CSDN博客

xfs文件系统无损扩容_xfs 无损扩容-CSDN博客

ext4和xfs文件系统的扩容和收缩 - Praywu - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)