阿里云oss存储

准备阿里云的OSS

控制台

访问阿里云官网，登录以后，右上角有个控制台

点击左上角，然后搜索oss

因为我没有开通过，所以提示开通

点击开通

创建bucket

填写bucket名称和选择读写权限为公共读，然后完成创建

然后bucket列表中，就有刚才创建的bucket了

点击列表中的bucket名称，然后点击概览，看到一些基础信息，其中有个Endpoint，上传文件会用到

获取AccessKey

鼠标移到右上角头像处，有个AccessKey管理，点击来获取AccessKey，

选择继续使用

然后点击创建AccessKey，再验证手机验证码，就成功创建，需要注意的是，获取到AccessKey以后，要保存好，关闭这个窗口就看不到了

java使用oss

左边最下面有个sdk下载

java后面有个小图标，点一下

文档中心打开

导入依赖

左边找到java-安装，我是maven项目，选择导入pom依赖，，它有说明，java9以上要引入下面那部分，具体看你版本，我是9以上，两部分依赖都要

<!--oss依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
            <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
            <version>3.17.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- no more than 2.3.3-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

官网demo

依赖有了，现在要做的就是上传文件的测试demo了，找到测试demo，粘到项目代码中

修改参数

粘贴过来以后，把一些关键参数换成我们实际的数值demo需要修改的参数说明

运行demo代码

package com.wzw.alioss;

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.CredentialsProviderFactory;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

public class DemoTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        //EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        String ACCESS_KEY_ID = "LTAI5tRHMRGaK14mSm1LNRkB";
        String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = "mrniIO007QfxpdsMzW0CDROcPjoTfg";
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "ali-bucket-space";
        // 填写Object完整路径，完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称，例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。
        String objectName = "dog.jpg";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);

        try {

            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\w4523\\Desktop\\dogjpg.jpg"));

            // 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。
            // ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
            // metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
            // putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);

            // 上传字符串。
            PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }

}

运行，上传成功

封装工具类

上面参数说明已经看到了，其实很多东西都是固定的，只有一些值需要传入就可以了，现在封装成一个工具类，只传入我们要上传的文件对象就可以了

package com.wzw.alioss.com.wzw.alioss.util;

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.InputStream;

public class AliOssUtil {

    //地域节点
    private static final String endpoint="https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";
    //ACCESS_KEY_ID
    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="LTAI5tRHMRGaK14mSm1LNRkB";
    //ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="mrniIO007QfxpdsMzW0CDROcPjoTfg";
    //bucket名称
    private static final String bucketName="ali-bucket-space";


    /**
     * 上传文件到OSS
     * @param objectName
     * @param inputStream
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream inputStream) throws Exception {

        //文件存储的地址
        String url="";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);

        try {

            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, inputStream);

            // 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。
            // ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
            // metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
            // putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);

            // 上传字符串。
            PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
            /**
             * 示例中上传的文件地址：https://ali-bucket-space.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/dog.jpg
             * 根据这个地址url可以观察到，它是https://+bucketName+区域节点+objectName
             */
            url="https://"+bucketName+"."+endpoint.substring(endpoint.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
        return url;
    }
}

controller调用

package com.wzw.alioss.com.wzw.alioss.controller;

import com.wzw.alioss.com.wzw.alioss.util.AliOssUtil;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
public class AliOssController {

    /**
     * 上传文件到OSS
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
        String fileName=file.getOriginalFilename();
        String url = AliOssUtil.uploadFile(UUID.randomUUID()+fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")), file.getInputStream());
        return url;
    }
}

发送postman请求，看到结果也返回了url

查看bucket，上传成功

整个示例代码：https://gitee.com/w452339689/alioss_test

Oss下载

如果是公开的，直接访问固定的url就行，如果是私有的，需要授权

如何保证指定时间段内可以访问私有权限的图片文件？

访问私有云文件url提示如下

私有云访问也是需要认证的，可以通过文件名授权一个临时的url，在指定的时间内可以访问。官方文档：https://help.aliyun.com/zh/oss/user-guide/how-to-access-a-private-image-object-within-a-specific-period-of-time?spm=a2c4g.11186623.0.i20

成功获取，查看能不能访问到，完成

封装工具类

/**
     * 阿里云oss生成临时访问路径
     * @param objectName 文件名631ffc15-83d8-478f-95e5-5a8a96afa7d4.png
     */
    public static String getOssUrl(String objectName) {

        String fileUrl="";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);

        try {
            // 设置签名URL过期时间为1天，单位为秒，
            Date expiration = new Date(new Date().getTime() + 3600 * 1000);
            // 生成以GET方法访问的签名URL，在签名URL有效期内访客可以直接通过浏览器访问相关内容。
            URL url = ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName, objectName, expiration);
            System.out.println(url.toString());
            if(Optional.ofNullable(url).isPresent()) {
                return fileUrl=url.toString();
            }
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            log.error("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            log.error("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            log.error("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            log.error("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            log.error("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            log.error("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            log.error("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
        return fileUrl;
    }

可能遇到一个问题，访问临时url，提示如下，看信息应该是时间不对，我之前设置的是30天，调整成1天就好了。