HTTP 是一个文本格式的协议.
Request由首行,请求报头(header),空行，请求正文(body)。
请求行有:Method URL Version.信息
请求报头由多行key:value组成
响应由首行,响应头,,空行,正文
首行有版本号 状态码 状态码描述
fiddler的用法:
从网上下载fiddler
安装好之后,访问一个网页(例如百度上的一个网页),这时候就会返回
抓包的数据
首先我们用fiddler研究get方法
选中一条观察详细结果
GET https://www.sogou.com/ HTTP/1.1
Host: www.sogou.com
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
sec-ch-ua: " Not;A Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="91", "Chromium";v="91"sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36
Accept:
text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,imag
e/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
Cookie: SUID=19AA8B7B6E1CA00A000000005F9A2F76; SUV=1603940214073598;
pgv_pvi=2668946432; usid=dSCf7rQCZRKIwksQ; CXID=4E2782F970F4344A90D6ED6240646C87; ssuid=8088681888; wuid=AAG3v2WvMgAAAAqgFXQrvAAAkwA=; IPLOC=CN6101;
ABTEST=0|1620624968|v17; cd=1620907362&1c2f143be7a26fba5e494f96ebd8f163;
browerV=3; osV=1; sw_uuid=5799772160;
ad=@c$ookllll2kHAPdlllllpjL341llllltYvGDlllll9llllllylll5@@@@@@@@@@;
SNUID=D6B644B4CECB0AF639BBE267CF3AB1AD; taspeed=taspeedexist; sst0=13;
ld=Lkllllllll2kmmNTlllllpjM@rwlllllNSzaekllllGllllljllll5@@@@@@@@@@
接下来我们来研究post方法
POST https://v.bitedu.vip/tms/login HTTP/1.1
Host: v.bitedu.vip
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 105
sec-ch-ua: " Not;A Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="91", "Chromium";v="91"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.77 Safari/537.36
Access-Control-Allow-Methods: PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type, Content-Length, Authorization,
Accept, X-Requested-With , yourHeaderFeild
Origin: https://v.bitedu.vip
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Referer: https://v.bitedu.vip/login
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
Cookie: username=123456789; rememberMe=true
POST请求的特点
首行的第一部分为 POST
URL 的 query string 一般为空 (也可以不为空)
header 部分有若干个键值对结构.
body 部分一般不为空. body 内的数据格式通过 header 中的 Content-Type 指定. body 的长度由 header 中的 Content-Length 指定.
其他方法
PUT 与 POST 相似，只是具有幂等特性，一般用于更新
DELETE 删除服务器指定资源
OPTIONS 返回服务器所支持的请求方法
HEAD 类似于GET，只不过响应体不返回，只返回响应头TRACE 回显服务器端收到的请求，测试的时候会用到这个CONNECT 预留，暂无使用
