k8s 安装efk

K8S是一个用于自动化部署、扩展和管理容器化应用程序的开源平台，而EFK是由Elasticsearch、Fluentd和Kibana组成的日志管理工具。在K8S环境中安装EFK可以帮助开发者更好地管理和分析容器化应用程序的日志。接下来我将介绍如何在K8S集群中安装EFK。

整个安装EFK的过程可以分为以下步骤：

| 步骤 | 操作 |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | 安装Elasticsearch |
| 2 | 安装Fluentd |
| 3 | 安装Kibana |

接下来我们一步步进行操作：

### 步骤1：安装Elasticsearch

首先，我们需要创建一个Elasticsearch的存储类（Storage Class），这里以nfs为例：

```yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: nfs-client
provisioner: kubernetes.io/nfs
```

然后，创建一个Elasticsearch的持久卷声明（Persistent Volume Claim）：

```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: elasticsearch-pvc
spec:
storageClassName: nfs-client
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
```

最后，部署Elasticsearch的StatefulSet：

```yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: elasticsearch
spec:
serviceName: elasticsearch
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: elasticsearch
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: elasticsearch
spec:
containers:
- name: elasticsearch
image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.12.0
ports:
- containerPort: 9200
volumeMounts:
- name: elasticsearch-storage
mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
volumes:
- name: elasticsearch-storage
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: elasticsearch-pvc
```

### 步骤2：安装Fluentd

首先，我们需要创建一个ServiceAccount和ClusterRoleBinding：

```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: fluentd

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: fluentd
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: fluentd
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: fluentd
```

然后，创建一个ConfigMap来配置Fluentd：

```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: fluentd-config
data:
fluentd.conf: |

@type forward
port 24224


@type elasticsearch
host elasticsearch
port 9200
logstash_format true
logstash_prefix kubernetes_logs
buffer_chunk_limit 2M
buffer_queue_limit 4
flush_interval 5s

```

最后，部署Fluentd的DaemonSet：

```yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: fluentd
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
name: fluentd
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: fluentd
spec:
serviceAccountName: fluentd
containers:
- name: fluentd
image: fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset:v1-debian-elasticsearch
volumeMounts:
- name: config
mountPath: /fluentd/etc
volumes:
- name: config
configMap:
name: fluentd-config
```

### 步骤3：安装Kibana

首先，创建一个Kibana的Service：

```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kibana
spec:
selector:
app: kibana
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 5601
targetPort: 5601
type: NodePort
```

然后，部署Kibana的Deployment：

```yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: kibana
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: kibana
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: kibana
spec:
containers:
- name: kibana
image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:7.12.0
ports:
- containerPort: 5601
```

至此，我们已经完成了在K8S集群中安装EFK的过程。通过这些步骤，我们成功地搭建了日志管理系统，可以更方便地监视和分析容器化应用程序的日志信息。希望这篇文章能帮助你更好地理解如何在K8S中安装EFK。