centos nginx rpm安装 nginx rpm包安装

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mob64ca141a2a87 2024-03-16 01:08:08

文章标签 centos nginx rpm安装 nginx mysql php 文章分类 运维

1.安装nginx

#1.下载rpm包
wget https://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
#2.安装
rpm -ivh nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
#3.启动
systemctl start nginx
#4.加入开机启动
systemctl enable nginx
#5.查找nginx的路径
find / -name nginx

2.安装php7.4

#1.添加第三方rpm源
yum install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
#2.安装 这里是安装php相关的拓展模块，可以根据自己的需要进行增删，
#下面列出的模块，除了redis和swoole外，其他基本都是必须模块
yum install -y php74-php-fpm php74-php-cli php74-php-bcmath php74-php-gd php74-php-json  php74-php-mbstring php74-php-mcrypt php74-php-mysqlnd php74-php-opcache php74-php-pdo php74-php-pecl-crypto php74-php-pecl-mcrypt php74-php-pecl-geoip php74-php-recode php74-php-snmp php74-php-soap php74-php-xml php74-php-imagick php74-php-pecl-zip  php74-php-redis php74-php-swoole

#3.启动
systemctl start php74-php-fpm
#4.添加开机启动
systemctl enable php74-php-fpm
#5.查看版本
cp /usr/bin/php74 /usr/bin/php #如果不复制的话，所有的php 替换成php74
chmod +x /usr/bin/php #文件给与执行权限
php -v
#6.查看已安装模块
php -m
#7.查看配置信息（相当于phpinfo）
php -i

#8.编辑php-fpm的配置 一般来说php-fpm的配置文件都是www.conf，如果不知道文件路径，可以find以下
find / -name www.conf
#查找的结果
/etc/opt/remi/php74/php-fpm.d/www.conf
vim /etc/opt/remi/php74/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#查找到user 和 group 修改为 nginx (这里是nginx.conf中的user参数，不知道的话 在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf中找一下)
#也就是说php-fpm的用户和nginx的用户一致
#将listen_mode 取消注释，并将权限修改为0777
#然后保存，重启php-fpm
结果如下
; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'access.log'
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or @php_fpm_prefix@) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
; RPM: apache user chosen to provide access to the same directories as httpd
user = nginx
; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
group = nginx

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511
;listen.backlog = 511

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
;                 mode is set to 0660
;listen.owner = nobody
;listen.group = nobody
listen.mode = 0777

3.修改nginx的default.conf

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
#修改结果如下
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
     root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
     
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

修改完成后重启nginx，然后在/usr/share/nginx/html下创建一个index.php的文件，里面加入echo phpinfo()的代码，操作如下

vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
#输入如下内容
<?php 
echo phpinfo();

然后在浏览器中输入服务器ip，就能查看服务器的php的配置信息。

4.安装mysql

1 、删除 MariaDB

centos7.6自带的 MariaDB(MariaDB是MySQL的一个分支)，与要安装的MySQL有冲
突，需要删除。

# 查询是否安装了
mariadb rpm -aq | grep mariadb 
# 删除mariadb。-e 删除指定的套件；--nodeps 不验证套件的相互关联性 
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs 12345

2 、安装依赖

yum install perl -y 
yum install net-tools -y

3、安装MySQL

# 解压缩 
tar xvf mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
 # 依次运行以下命令
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm


# 启动数据库
systemctl start mysqld

#查找root密码
grep password /var/log/mysqld.log


#修改 root 口令
# 进入MySQL，使用前面查询到的口令
 mysql -u root -p 
# 设置口令强度；将root口令设置为12345678；刷新 
set global validate_password_policy=0; 
set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('12345678'); 
flush privileges;

MySQL5.7版本默认设置了 mysql sql_mode = only_full_group_by 属性
找到 my.cnf文件
find / -name my.cnf vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] sql_mode=
修改之后重新启动mysql即可
注意：nginx 链接mysql 需要关闭SElinux
通常情况下载安装完CentOS7后，默认情况下SElinux是启用状态。
不关闭会报SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Permission denied 错误

[root@eyang02 ~]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      31

#如果要临时关闭，可以执行：setenforce 0

[root@eyang02 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@eyang02 ~]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   permissive
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      31


#如果要永久关闭，可以修改配置文件/etc/selinux/config，将SELINU置为disabled

[root@eyang02 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config   
  
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.  
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:  
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.  
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.  
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.  
#SELINUX=enforcing  
SELINUX=disabled  
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:  
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,  
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.   
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.  
SELINUXTYPE=targeted  


#修改完成后，保存重启，重启后状态如下
[root@eyang02 ~]# sestatus  
SELinux status:                 disabled